Federal Court of Australia
FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA
Aldi Foods Pty Ltd v Moroccanoil Israel Ltd [2018] FCAFC 93 Appeal from: Moroccanoil Israel Ltd v Aldi Foods Pty Ltd [2017] FCA 823
File numbers: NSD 1654 of 2017 NSD 1656 of 2017
Judges: ALLSOP CJ, PERRAM AND MARKOVIC JJ
Date of judgment: 22 June 2018
Catchwords: APPEAL – nature of appellate review – appeal by way of rehearing – degree of deference to primary judge's findings – degree of error – whether error of primary judge must be demonstrated as wrong by 'inconvertible facts or uncontested testimony' – where findings on matter of impression – consideration of Branir Pty Ltd v Owston Nominees (No 2) Pty Ltd and Robinson Helicopter Company Inc v McDermott CONSUMER LAW – misleading or deceptive conduct – false or misleading representations about goods – whether packaging represented that argan oil responsible for performance benefits of products – whether packaging represented that goods wholly or substantially made from natural ingredients – where primary judge relied on dictionary definitions of 'natural' TRADE MARKS – Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth) s 41 – proper construction of former provision – whether word mark to some extent inherently adapted to distinguish – whether word mark capable of distinguishing by reason of use
Legislation: Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) Sch 2 ss 18, 29(1)(a) Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth) ss 41, 120, 151
Cases cited: Accor Australia & New Zealand Hospitality Pty Ltd v Liv Pty Ltd [2017] FCAFC 56; 345 ALR 205 Apple Inc v Registrar of Trade Marks [2014] FCA 1304; 227 FCR 511 Argus Real Estate Holdings Pty Ltd v Lyristakis [2002] FCAFC 256 Australian Capital Territory v Crowley [2012] ACTCA 52; 273 FLR 370 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Limited [2014] FCA 634 Australian Olympic Committee Inc v Telstra Corporation Limited [2017] FCAFC 165 Australian Woollen Mills Limited v F.S. Walton and Company Limited [1937] HCA 51; 58 CLR 641 Blount Inc v Registrar of Trade Marks [1998] FCA 440; 83 FCR 50 Branir Pty Ltd v Owston Nominees (No 2) Pty Ltd [2001] FCA 1833; 117 FCR 424 British Sugar Plc v James Robertson & Sons Ltd [1996] RPC 281 Campomar Sociedad, Limitada v Nike International Limited [2000] HCA 12; 202 CLR 45 Cantarella Bros Pty Limited v Modena Trading Pty Limited [2014] HCA 48; 254 CLR 337 Clark Equipment Company v Registrar of Trade Marks [1964] HCA 55; 111 CLR 511 Commissioner of Taxation v Amway of Australia Limited [2004] FCAFC 273; 141 FCR 40 Commissioner of Taxation v Chubb Australia Ltd [1995] FCA 147; 56 FCR 557 Costa v Public Trustee (NSW) [2008] NSWCA 223 E & J Gallo Winery v Lion Nathan Australia Pty Ltd [2010] HCA 15; 241 CLR 144 Eagle Homes Pty Ltd v Austec Homes Pty Ltd [1999] FCA 138; 87 FCR 415 EMI Songs Australia Pty Ltd v Larrikin Music Publishing Pty Ltd [2011] FCAFC 47; 191 FCR 444 Fox v Percy [2003] HCA 22; 214 CLR 118 Gaundar v Hogan [2014] ACTCA 4 George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd [1983] 2 AC 803 Gett v Tabet [2009] NSWCA 76; 254 ALR 504 H v P [2011] WASCA 78 In re Joseph Crosfield & Sons Limited [1910] 1 Ch 130 Kenman Kandy Australia Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks [2002] FCAFC 273; 122 FCR 494 Mango Boulevard Pty Ltd v Spencer [2010] QCA 207 Metricon Homes Pty Ltd v Barrett Property Group Pty Ltd [2008] FCAFC 46; 248 ALR 364 Miller & Associates Insurance Broking Pty Ltd v BMW Australia Finance Ltd [2010] HCA 31; 241 CLR 357 Minister for Immigration, Local Government and Ethnic Affairs v Hamsher [1992] FCA 223; 35 FCR 359 Optical 88 Ltd v Optical 88 Pty Ltd [2011] FCAFC 130; 197 FCR 67 Pingel v Toowoomba Newspapers Pty Ltd [2010] QCA 175 Poulet Frais Pty Ltd v The Silver Fox Company Pty Ltd [2005] FCAFC 131; 220 ALR 211 Primary Health Care Limited v Commonwealth of Australia [2017] FCAFC 174 Rafferty v Madgwicks [2012] FCAFC 37; 203 FCR 1 Robinson Helicopter Company Inc v McDermott [2016] HCA 22; 331 ALR 550 Ron Englehart Pty Ltd v Enterprise Constructions (Aust) Pty Ltd [2012] FCAFC 4; 95 IPR 64 Sampi on behalf of the Bardi and Jarwi People v State of Western Australia [2010] FCAFC 26; 266 ALR 537 Sapina v Coles Myer Ltd [2009] NSWCA 71 Spata v Tumino [2018] NSWCA 17 State Rail Authority (NSW) v Earthline Constructions Pty Ltd (In liq) [1999] HCA 3; 73 ALJR 306 SW Hart & Co Pty Ltd v Edwards Hot Water Systems [1985] HCA 59; 159 CLR 466 Sydneywide Distributors Pty Ltd v Red Bull Australia Pty Ltd [2002] FCAFC 157; 234 FCR 549 TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd v Network Ten Pty Ltd [2002] FCAFC 146; 118 FCR 417 Telstra Corp Ltd v Phone Directories Co Pty Ltd [2014] FCA 568; 316 ALR 590 Vawdrey Australia Pty Ltd v Krueger Transport Equipment Pty Ltd [2009] FCAFC 156; 261 ALR 269 Verrocchi v Direct Chemist Outlet Pty Ltd [2016] FCAFC 104; 247 FCR 570 Vetter v Lake Macquarie City Council [2001] HCA 12; 202 CLR 439 Walcan Pty Ltd v Superior Coffee & Cakes Pty Ltd [2003] FCAFC 14 Warren v Coombes [1979] HCA 9; 142 CLR 531 Weston in his capacity as special purpose liquidator of One.Tel Ltd (in liq) v Publishing and Broadcasting Ltd [2012] NSWCA 79; 88 ACSR 80 Whisprun Pty Ltd v Dixon [2003] HCA 48; 200 ALR 447 X v Y [2015] WASCA 70
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