=» a 4 CATCHYVORDS Trade Practices ~ Whether conduct likely to mislead or deceive - Whether representation of sponsorship or approval or affiliation - Considerations relevant to grant of injunction - Evidence ~ Market surveys. Trade Practices Act - ss.52, 53(c), 53(d) and 80. McDONALD'S SYS) H PEM OF AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED v. McWILLIAM'S WINES PTY. LIMITED G. No. 14 cf 1979 Coram: Franki J. Date : 241 December 1979 Sydney. IN THE FEDERAL COURT O> AUSTRALIA) NEW SOUTH WALES DISTRICT REGISTRY G. No. 14 of 1979 GENERAL DIVISION BETWEEN : McDONALD'S SYSTEM OT ATISTP ALTA PTY, LIMITE Applicent AND : McWTLLTAM'S WINES FTV. LITT Respond on ORDER JNDGE WAKING ORD: Franhki J. DATE OF ORDER: 21 Decemb<r 1979 THE COURT MADE: Sydney ORDERS THAT: Order that in the Australian Capital Territory and in the States of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and South Australia McWilliam's Wines Pty. Limited, by itself its servants and agents be restrained in trade or commerce, in connection with lice supply cf possible supply of wine or in connect1.on with the prenotion by any means of th2 supply or use of wine from using or publishiny or causing precuring or authorising use or publication of the words "Big Mac". Applicant pey the respendeit's costs of the evpliLe on 23 November 1979. avson Respondent pay the applicant's costs of the action including the costs of the proceedings for interlocutory relief. By consent, if any appeal is to be lodged the notice of appeal may be filed and served on or pefore 25 February 1980. IN THC CECLrAL CCua oF 3UTPER ALIA) NE. SOUS »ALDO OT SURTCT i NtTioTaRyY G. No. 14 of 1973 ) ) : ) GELER L CIVISION ) BET) Den: DWALS'T SY "LE. CR 3GOSIP 2 ic PTY, Pialuio ee AND: NehILLTAu's | TIES ETY. LT. Tish Responient Corar: Frank. J. 2) Leerrpoer 1¢°7% ROEATOVS POR JOCCUS T PRAPSI J. Mis is an 2aprlicetion for relisf uniter ¢, TR af Fad Tro oo Eroetiess "ot 17s ("the Act") caching to rectrati th First reagonlcont frou using tar words "hie Ghewt. Tne oo ylrr ties cu On én Allegztion of corguc* in coptroventin af cs, 5. (1) can2 33(c) cane (4) oF *he Ach, Taere was UYATantestec Pijenc= veforo ne taut Fae epplicent rans iGL reteil stores *terovriout ustreliu.. chores ire ru: un all stct.. an. terrttorires aycret westorn Tu trcitc, Gaseanrta ero tho Vortborn terrvtorg cnt ebout helf at thess cre operator py the wr bic mat ova about a]F by + a wn Fe a cnc Daa ae eel he el ceil on i nile ted oe ween ee ee ee ote " ¥ - tm tt ee ete ae franchises, These stores fall unto tae catagory of woe ore often called fast food stores, Taer> pre focilities for customers to sit down and eat althonjyh a sigaificent proportion of customers take their food and drinks avoy with then, Loach of tna stores sells suostantrally the same ronge of products wiich include harhurjers, Ceep fried chiclen, patota chips, fisn, applies pies, wilh . Q fMe procucts sola in *the enplice ns tho name MAC" pnd ws a Sales in the cporlicant's i : 1°70 wns abot $51 million ons Figur> cil] increase +a bout $75 million. In 1975 thr totcl newer of trens -ctions «aS wn excess of 23 Tillioar, bout 2u2 of FF Gos > sales were of "BIC PPC" aAcaburders, Alrost S50 aiilies "STE Tac" hanburjers naav2 been sold througn tne epplicertts storces ciae> 1971. A great Geol of alvertiusing inclucing extangive teloyisian aaverfastirg ossocicted with world Serius Cricnet totur®s «es 1a evicence, This advertising 6 Curing the VWIT/7l cne 1S73/79 = uo cricket seasons in Australia Fn tae words "asYoaqaldts Dre . ce were cromwurently gisrliysd., A areat variaty of ¢ étenlets, bLan<s and essorte. advertising wrtarirl] for fie proluct "BLE M*C™ in Fesnciation wtt' the nom? mbene lots 7 elsno in evivience. Tt secas tnck tae savertisuig of Meat 0 6c" ae been sa extencive mnd corried out an such a varicty of ways tat ve Hes Mea? 2 surt> excastroancl aumgzct or tre enarearty ct ipeacd taut, In 1°70 wn xe ese Of SCD tllidsn .fe spent on totovitwsc, fs racio ani gress @Jverticing cet om 1o7o tae . fvertr1si7g tie wet W25 Un excess OF $2 sillion. In most advertising tne words "hile MAC" was featured prorinently. The respondent on 14 Murch 1973 sodvortised tn the "nr aly Telegragh" ard in the "Sun" ang on 15 Lerch 1°75 in the "Pretiz Merror"" and tne "Courter vail", Thes® newspepers ere aetly nevspipers, the first three being published in Sye¢nr%y and trea last in Erispsne, Coch of the sdvortis tents . tro tye soe ane Showed victures of toaree bottles af pine, each tao Llitrs- oir S1ze, and c nutvoer of glasses filled wore «wtie. Tye advertiser2nt+s @21so contPinec various cerrents 9, Pori9a> dJescriocd as "ToD wine vriters", The corments wars eutb "h 5 uo posedsie Ery fred" anc the libels on the bottle, Featurod + nare "Nesilliamts" ond "Toased*lo" and Gesctribed the cantenrs oF One bottle 35 "Bry fed Tsible Wine", another 2, ""ledium ,hits and the tere o3 "Bry anite Isbl= wine". Cne of tyra commonts was vy 2 wr. Fetear Pilsen sho e217 ahovt tho vine that "To esll we tae thag ine' ™, The Mein comslaint of tne peplicentt coat Fan Rovertiseveant vag the enresrance on thr ton of the advert iscisrt of tho s.ords "Lic ac" in letters sbovt 2 J/D centinetr-3 1a height ond extending over te rajor port of the top of For grea, waver Fraga sords sppeers fae wore 'ust iltrsots" iy retter a cect 1 1/2 centiattras wn height, eww a ee ey ren me rer earn Tee ap rei aged ee cerey—e ee ee ee I granted sn interim injunction witcb>, wm suostence, restrained the use of the words "BIC NAC" by the resnonéent ui trade or comteree, in connectton with -avertisvay wthe until 4 hesring of the action, T oy e applicant cloims that th= use of tne eards "bic 2c" by the r2spontent constitutos, in tride ar commerce, enyz-ging 14 Q& a) 3 conduc! *hat ws misleciing or Ceceptive or ws likely to wisiaca Or deceive wtthin 8.52(1) of the Act, Tt als clries 2 contrevention of s,S2(c) of thre Act and «117923 412+ fie acvertisenent constitutes a represent>tion ir trace ar coararc? im connection with tne Supscly or possibir Supely of wine er ia connection witt *n2 promotian wy any teans of the supply of in? fnit the wine hus 2 spors.orsaiz or epproval vnich t* unes not nave. Lt 2230 allages a contreventi10n of s.53(¢) of the Set that in tae samc way, tne cdvertisement reprosentes trot fae respondent h.3 a sporeorship, approvil or sfFilistion shite wt dase. noe have Tae mau geesttonas for deterqvin-fion crs: 1. hili tne use Ly tho respondent of tam gorde "CTO unc" or "Scowtiliruts BIG Vc" un trad? or commerce by conduct treat is misloctirng or d-sentivye or ws dtely to wioiee' or deceive en within tha mecniny of 5.22 (1) of tne Act, or ee ee ee Auge agetac ee eat ma tee Will the use of the vwerds "DIG MAC" or "McVillism's BIG MAC" oy the rosponcent in trade 'or commerce in coanection with the Suorly or possivsie supply of yine or in connection with th= promotion by sny weans of the supply or use of wine b? 2 representation that the wine hes a sponsorship or approvel within the veraing of s.43(c) af the Act whien Will the use of the gvoarcs "BIG JAC" oF "Sichillicn's BIG HAC" by the responcant in traae oor coniueres i connectron vrvtea tho Supply or possible supply of wine or in connection wtth the promotion oy any vecns of the susply or use of yine be 2 renpresantattanr haat the resoonasent has @ scfpansor upil, approvel or effiliction within tne meaning of S.53(a) wt does not have, If the answer to guestion J, 2 or 2 1s yrs shoulu en wajunction o* grant, Iwill concifer thete questions sorirctely, ~ eee er a Thee eet ag 1 A SA OY AO OUT MRTTE S SA SENTS TE as ccwte ee ene - a Cuesti1on Ll: Is the relevant conduct contuct which is "misiesling or Gecentive ar likely to mislersd or deccive™, che Hign Court bas considered ©°.52(1) cs wt was befors ti words "Linely to miusleci or deceive" were caded, In The Cueen ve. Crearvé Tritun cy; © sorte Cenmeral .otors \coortonce Coarlerstigan LOT o.L. E43 uccon yuegneat ue) Sleading! ws witn ehicna ae Cibus, Steppe n apsole of eprarsing varioes "2 7e#s oF -Aning, sonot umes SUguity try Sua oanica 3 subjectively mireleaciung and ct atter £iUR AS foot "uch lo op stir ty Misieling. Its Berni y therefor 1s to 4? influenced, weeed Gecu.y? "y influcne2a, by the context un witcu ve Us found, ners #118 s#Fang am wars 5.52 (1) oppesrs ws sno en by far ne "1ng5 "part VY-Coneurear ratacktion! an "Division L-ontlir rrsctices! Ta this contest tas sub-section ewe general proarottion = sb a aad of enjeged in 2 proeetyvs®, woh cours? In Eornsky uriairs bornwe sg su tin te prog tbr tan raves Tora of wo ounfrir." infor ..tion conte od in oe oon turoart Seontpo eyeny buisug uptorrct ies oc ttre LET. (1S70) Th fr, high Court coasiaered fhe Savtion wofor> a.a.r' actatl. Stephon J. vith wor gecobe J. .Graeaq, 77 1a "In Wetermi way tiie Moomrtr gy 'mistesciuny or Gecortuyet ue s 370)) Pty. FS Buns ow sar copatvoy reve Gr soc parce conduet, 2 braite te wh cy ana tae plying vt Lie) p-ert.iculjar ences toe law which has fevelosra aroung tn? tort af oossing off, founljei as that tort i3 upon the crotaction of the plaintifFl's aintenjgrols property rights, vay not slwsys rrovide cny scofe gulae, Eowever, tne long oF the courts in thst frela snoula ant bo disregerisd, sore principles ented have been devoloseu aapeear ernnlly ovlticcble to s 52(1)." Barwiren C.d. and Atewkin J. Givi not disagree with the sesa:ye £ neve cited, The first wetter toa be congig%rsad w8 wnacther ftaere 13 iny Cifference betecea conduct «nich is "Risle din ang ocandvuctk wnicn ois "Likely to mish cG or dec ise" or 71164 merely causes confusion. AS IJ said in servtminn vy. Foti s Ut., 12 FVI.T. 326 1% 'd Lee) a o. "The Most Gesreprvite reaning for t.9 word 'Cacearvet in tne oxford Pictianery Ss "io e@ause to dbelreyr> yart is) Folesas to micleei ws to c mutter of Fact, ta J]red nto error, #9 wnasa even, Gr lulr, tohe in', $4 Qout Fusroprict: o-F ritien in face Giuctvenary for tis apl te ystat! ws: 'Go Leal sstroy in cian er eoscunty fo Leal into error; to ceruse fo orp t™ It & IlRO necetsory #9 conei7ar tle «se a7 concert which, .avzlst vt mug it be coafusins, aly ieverthyrbeos net ho sucn - a 3 .& 1S PWISLsaG Uy OF Aceeptive or, Drs. apg upor the merry ta De given to tose wards "Jrirsly ta uistasdo ar Segoe, mobo sec <4 7. e TRE FE Ey Senne on eon opreaperUese aoe woulag oe "linety to wislesd or dacaive", To oconstl7-r thot the most cppropriate meaning for the svord "confuse" to be found un the Cxforg Bictionary us "To mix up in the mind, to fail toa distinguish, erroneously regard as identicnrl, mistake on. far another." Tne meaning of *#ye pnrase "likely to Useceive™ hos Loaen considerea py the fiiga Court on ¢owerel occesions. Cross .efrujorsting Co. v. Tonovennba vounvry vty. Tee. (1004) th C.LeF. 592 *he Hagan Court considered the meaning of fhe varas "likely to deceive" as taey appercd in s.114 oF the Br ocyes Act 1¢C5. Kitto 9g. cfter wointing out st p, SSé thot tae corres ooniing section of tne the some forms witn tne confusion! 3sftar 'likely to feceivy. '¢" suid thet tie cs vores -ale *n> section more specific, bot thoy aducre nothing ta ity affoet, tS Honour taen ct p.o95, facslt atta faa reguuretm ate af ¢ eng cftor saying thet a aere possibiltty of confusion wes neat eBNNUgu Sal: . Myeeth 1s sufficiant af tire result of * a user of the wark villi Fe fick a ruvter of Persons ali) pe csauctsd to carvor wart ier eomight not fe ths cose thet Fhe tag provusts co 8 frog bas sz oe soure:, ch ls enausa TF FY 8 arash y person entort, iat 2 reasosauble doubt." 1s FPonour tien uk om. Fea cites wit eB Lrave] ty- fallorcips vess ge fror In boon cht. Tacliection (13°) 23 Ret. o. 1: — =e. " "Tne guestion wnether 7 berticuler werk ve ealculct7d +0 4Anceivea or cus confusion 18 nok the Sace at fne ceest ion whether the age oF *4~ mork ettl lesa to passing off, The werk must be nell to offend "gainst the provisions of 2.117 VF it ous likely fo c.u.e confusion or deception in the winds of sersons toa what the warKk iS *ldressed, "sen Fo actucl purchasers will not ultinmttely te deceived." Cn appeal ain Soutnern Crass "ofrigerstyaz fo, Toovoorke Foundry Pty. Ttd., snore, in a joint jucgnent Cicon C.J., wctTlernan, ebb, fullogor and acylor » > . a Lo) . a "Tt is, of course, for the versor apzlyiny for roayistration fo mgtebhticn that taore ws no Jikslinead of confusion end owe agree with "atto J. trigt registr trop shoulu be refused iF it PMpears tant there 1% GQ real risk fk 'toe result of to. user cf Fie wory will bo thet a number of prrsore will he caused #9 wouser wainther it Guz ch oper ys the etse that the #80 crolucts 2 pe Fra, the sce source sts; at ly QF Sourse, aut necossery thot vt shoul 3 aves yp thr t the uoier af fe Wor, 7114 Lead +o H Riesing-OFF; ces fer .ortory J, (75 PA btyenm owiG) 17 sete Ver dpasatica je Jeplisziina (194d) SC RES. By diss 4° 1 Tre cuestiny af decestton ang confusion wos cans) by the House of LTorei wn Tarkor-" Interactieral Listtec [1962] RPC. 7S5. Onr finds Roy, Lord Dopniag icvipy that "ta garage contusias", Pe o.27G nes Lore strug scott ui or Jotien to ofF tots 1c. "Te as scignifieent ftaat ino tuase naire cosas, the test of sSaasing-offF 15 nok confines to 'Vikhely ta Gecsive' but oextands clso to "Likely to ecruss confusion." Lord Lorris of Corth-y-G-st at 9.278 used tne expresstan "....ill pe mislea into believing tnaat his goois arr> the goods oF +h plaintiff", Lord Hodson at 9, 282 2lso use* tre wards "likxly to mislead purchasers". Lord Guest af p. 207 snd: "me quastien for +14 Court was wether upon f'n avyigence there wee proaf oF probabl]>® confusion Leading to de of a Sunstoatie) nuirer af nereans retry wlth reasoneble Cars 292 obser. ction." eo bor Lord Ervlin at pn, 289 raferred to 2 representation whica "1s likely to ¢esceive and nor merely to confuse" anu said it 7. 72°] wnat the judy? has +o deeid> in - pesainc-ofF Gog. is vhat or tna puoiie at large is likely to be decnivel," Wingeyer J. in Re oli Craesterr Io, Toewts Fo iurte res Trove cir ung f-riou tta.ts Aoplicctior (166C) 176 C.b.a, 147 74 ""Toer® ore, noyover, a faw absorestirans T + would take choat wtoe (a) in 7.27. I refors #9 -aA objective causality of ty: wark, 'Likely fo Aerteivs or erusr confustan!. ' oMare ws Tlruiaty te aecervTet-or in tae vorys oF 4, PTecortuvely oopeilir', sivch by maasns Fhe sr7er tnatageye so Wier ant ferdaqsy wi usr, aire of tae surtase or intent af tne foe-h ws ta sry Tere etm Bo as without Boia ased "Goecervelt, 7 rp tty were pts ane meceings ta ths O fers Tictronsry, tte clase to & ttseve wn. vo fF boty Fey Jane Ji. twnto orrart. QAU tweorgs vitn Br. Johnson's statement of 1t5 oritery fF 7nse, which v'3 gwen cs 'ta osuse to tist whey fo bring unto errart. Lara Prrplack, taen Dinloer ede, C212 tf tne recent Terls1 ve Deli Coase f[unrenortec} in tho Court of Appecl fists fOrilics tta Grcetvet, to cause corfucidona!l tocs rot pnresasarily connote any intentional @isregresentcttron on the scrt of the user.' Ctin swreak respect for his Lorvshas's opinion, coubt whether, in thetr vontart in relation to Geermativ,s froie darks, th words 'to scaive!l srcess2rily preaiutte intentional %isSra,resentotion. Tow 291, re is unnecesstry fo pursues NUS question, bryccuse tne words tor to uruse confusion' -pscar 13 8.20 ena in 5.6(2). fney apparentiy Canote an elternatiw , Giffering From 'to Fareive', Ungar +he Carlier At corfusi01 ,23 not exprassly mantionres. Th was they cansiveres thet - probibtlity of confusion vouls estrilisa thot a merk ues Litely to ce - 19, 'ae guest ion oF Sacemtivenses Teale, to otis then seid, be Juizel by actipg mheteer 'thers ,vid be & confuston in the pin, of the publtve wate. wtll Tern to cenfucion in the joois': yer Lord larsor (#195 Perker ve) un Jn ®1rtotast La,ts Applicc* ioa 13y5) foonebeu. FF t Saa7, 2 &7SStyr cuoteg in thre Court in Cooper Erguecerins Co, pty. Ite. J. Un Cn Bit, ah Dy coe. Ioao ot consi r fat hunts 3284322 was Fist acrarsd on tae angel in thrt 754, The Erwvy Cooreil in .ette tetran - Sa, Lilo, efvep orginis tion Lhe. [Pilc4é) Jouebeats Valo mt eo. 4tl n rel=#1on #9 > oa -ssing OFF sehtien bee on wet our, afer Ss H1ay foot te wet aecessury to gooin hal 'lsecaro adistinetive of those anata sane that tt, Var tired or ingarvitst with fle clout ef sid "Ge. ster] mothap paved' in arei+r £9 sucerrg tae a] ointitfs past est ohlist ce bo Catia bet,een the goolJs of tne plaintiffs ant of the "sfendgants." Oe It 15 necessary 40 beor in mina th> warrtag of Gtephen r J. in kbornssy Vurlaing irford tron Crntrs Bey Ltda. ve. teeny a — a en re eh tt pLilcirg Inforg.*+ ian Cantr> Ltd,, supra, of uo. 646 tet the Tl. G a, < developed around passingz oFF méy not alsays Lrovile 2 cafe grouné for construing 5.52(1) of the Act, Tne conclusion lo araw fron the iunaustricl ctre.erty 12, is thet very little significent distinetion his beasn Cran beeen conduct ivkaly to lezta ta secLtisa tai can vorh werce is . confusing. Lookiag at s. 52(1) unei72d oy eny avinoritises Toles " toscrds the view tnat for conduct ta be misleccuig er deer stiv ~ Poy vt must be conauct «hich ws not anly confusiig but weirca wn fect may b> expected to lea* the apsrorrirzte clrs3 of 2 reon .wmin into contect wltn 1 +o be micle sl or feces? a Tae crest yan af whether conduct Falls within 3. Se(1) 19 ta &- Gstarvirsy ay ute likely effect an the tyre of nerson wha ws likely ta bry ow to rb. Broaily sparking ve is Fair to sly thot thea prod-vcns persons aire thane not xcyticuleorly intelligent? or buh pernyas Of somewnat less *#han yerogs itoiliyonc- oor. becxjround Knoalodg>, although tne fest ve pot tha -FRatt apy PVTSON .AQ 1h auth upu ually tua. Peorsrer, Few om Viton oF fhe words" or is likely to aves) stl or roa, eich ety ® wo oif7? to ».le (lj), IN DY Oprnrvon r.9, ta tne aorsenle |! + -Ondatt which is confusirg ta the ro Jegent persone @ oy rrasciiy be sits to be Jikeay fo miclesa or dicerve these perso... weil ! segs pnnte"™ wager} egeand oc apc iat! Ui eaay aswer "26 " oA be ee ee ee 13. this may ned some further curlificatiorn J+peagding up rn tae perticular frocts under consiferatinn ;ned upon *o2 noturs af tho confusion *stablisaed by t18 "sidence in any particuior cata, £ consider it provites toe approapriat Pasis for axamini releycon* cortuct said +o contravene s.EL(1) In tats cose, It is now nrersevry to consilter fre svidercs 14 core deter. ine applicant calleu Frofessor Laytor, ePrafressr 1F fiarneting at the Uriversity oF row Couth Belts, ura grve whiten esouk tae wey in which he tad ¢ fSujgred the cele cvttoq of 600 Pare pearle to provide 2a stotisticei groug fror th- Cyt*ney urborz aver From wnon relevant optatons coula Le soujnt, CUS cviaence a al fnat #ueae 290 people erecuct? an agprogricte sf etiustrs cl waa ory w uw end tart oF vt cogla be ashobhlisaee tilt ony Gobhorpiaed nurorr > "a ther ofhor than, perizes, lees thon Fura, helG@ ao opsrtacrulcr Opinion wnten a> called "A" tnen ojem enw] ecclocuizin vita re rgonoble crecistior tho nunker oF ,eot}x in the cyerey ourhkes are, wa ¢aall mold tets Oyiniep, Eo os31a thst fais tavelyed properly quoliFiea intersyievrrs serkiny to obtain tho redone OLUN1TONs. a> persons conmwucting tre Peopytey,c fore Rapes solicttors From the solicitors for thea sop liesit oat thoy vaste -F 2 munber of personas Lelectes for iatervyto. Ina 2th Fo 2 s7ries oF pre-dstearg,inea cvuestiwons Frou tros wry ,ere ercorcer. £ 4% TOKO Dobe. Ultrvastrly cf Frisvits ere oghernt Fat ore 3 Fra sane 0 porsops with. For, super. eeonior ceri se) fer tlic respontont crosseceemtled Float tuese «tenes sey aye haan , ! 1é. ingested that Ar dij not aisn fo cross-enc1riue eny abvays an oin my ootni9on 1h 1s reasoniple to c-caum> thet tha .rtnceeeng ant Cross-ex,agmimned voula alve eApresso? vie.S tn Jemeral of the nature 28 thos? who were cross-zvsTined, fn otareeyent, fhs meaning of wnich gave rite fa sone liebe, was soc ortyern counsel coneernirg conclusions to be aren fran tye tF¥idavits of tne wltnesses una aad nat been cross-e MUS. cone of Fl > questions which the interyisyers ackeg ware of contours chic suggested ftnat there mignt fe 2 canmection between the napbiccst anu the responcent or that the aoplrerat respondent or its wine advartiseay unuer tne on a ce NAC" or thet use of "NeVillicw's RIG UiAC™ night fheve been a pproved wy tae applicant. In Jonersl IT sonsider thet po velal oy 2 af tha vEY the fFFIC citing bere abtarit 7 hla criticisn can be qa IT oconsiter tat ray rolovant oginton helt py tye po rsens «ht avore -fFicayits can bo aseert, reg wrtia suffrctcrt -creracy fre the <2FFrlaviwtc and wnat was $2r2 ey those tora oe cy ots-ewrPir 7d. profecsor Lroytonts evideis> .78 thoh vF and; some of *he 200 Bersons .tre Untoryvi. td, or were oretorcl te corop erate in Swearing of afPiicvit, #92 vt of those fra, wnose cFFidaytts or orol cviaence any roleveit vt «ez eoul, L- aed ex? raicteg, waull oeatavlisin fast ot Lleest 2 orintaua nimnker of repoaasy qa tax gt mele tne relevect wt, sory Cc ast. rlisnen 1 seull bo cscertatacd ostrtistu ctly Cras tan Figure, wilh Fore gonctLlo vuyr ee af cortoisty, fect mnt dagq too > 2 perticulor runtor af naasts Tele furs relevent vies tm ti Lyaney urbe) ars. This groscsure avai et tus aivour nities of E- 15. an @Parlirr proceedure whieh tne gpolivcant sougct ta von. Tes ecrlwer proczegure inzolvei choosing & Fttilar scepls Put vt risa ltnvolves Se@entnZ +O saseert tain tho relevent a@gintan. wy fo anelysis of the answers mode Sy those iuntorviet 2) ta > numer oF srilbon wueestions. Tavs errlier veropootl anvolved th Court boy esnzc ta rely on +h interpretetion by athcr then the Jadi> af woth oo member af ywitnesser Ucd sari toa wuphervis. ors rare apgoerfied at tho ant of this judemant a ruling reyects. ey leaner sought to bo tenieres unter fois pragecal. 'a7 result oF tae erosa-evamintt1on oF wWwitaAeS7 7S wr tery orte tllustrstes now Jet gereus wt sould we roly on 2 seryvey fee Coan answers Jiven to quaestians ctvipg chout, for evwels, spensorshts wrthoeut presar cro sueexnrincthiea at les Of S77e ervear nace oly the Survey. Ir aclition tae Bloint iF cmlted Fo owiiyosses win ys Seiected at rantor Zurtiny ons Llunen s9%nr wn ouwrtim blac. Va respone rent cirlea 25 wttnestes ont Totain at ov Foir te tsy hhoe abltanagd some oF tnen had been weirs co, 2s musstreny over parany fhe telavgore, In genercl trey ware curt? uninstrucn ed wosub ona issues oe Fore they grye waidares except thot ti oe, ere yee some duonut> oyf oon the corliutint ond tye re sronesat. Tae Cry tt contrcf thoy hrc ta mony cases mata fhe races pavret Tomar ta, wy o2ghel ou. far ttn ess sae fiet ar vias mp FRO wats nt Divert iteaenty ft ic ointerestrig ta nate thot the evr terse af Ti ' v Phe Vitgaers of + pusdie sive y ortd ctu wee er 8 on | Py Cross-*.e71N I, .w narberess ora ctl G3, aes lest thru + ae ed wed ee Nee bode The Dba uy FO A USt Lucas OLfl £0" 45 "SLULA 30 Ae he Pol fe anyolyebey eT OMNObS OPT Atel tate Fe yi GO? Jag Thee Nae On Ot esp 2 St tune "S4-L4Ve Sab Ub yulorizdee OT Ty EL AON Clg Teg Sues 7 tis Tv seed foul Ayrveamous etry s=G adic t-U4 40M OU SL vdtovy Aeggel HONG YMOGT Miley Of TERTT EL ys "4 Cie Pub Heel, se Lae FUL Yel ycutusye-sboue Ciyun | s0ade? to CEL. Abo 7 40 Larygsluues AUL yu 4 eouew Fur esey you Pen sus2a tee ouseet ony Le(Ll™ Sesser cus "SOLS yOude dl e4y WL yoncuLOd 5, ,UerULdsc4 efy CUb elder. ae eburec THZULOEO fly, UL Bede shos car yuu GUS UOT sed oy TLO yUCarTdde ov, Yostyac tu ka re UG yetoey AG Tefoadtis 40 Clusdosuet, edus et you 4uSta cdot y YOU He dae GE FROGS TULUY Of Lessor Ghd 1 bOL4 DeS1L2 SylALtlggl cso" 3 x fa VET ATES LTA. ey yO TROLL LP OU4ETEUFE OL MOUg Sessauyle poxe|er Sethte gut owe Untht ©bLorss nb cy go Stes 424 dtesotou sure, Iostt, f&ills uy "Debuts lbuos FTOLUun FOU Cues OM Sesseu4zTs 4OT0Z Ye Of Oalyuresdd ur denevosng AewoTqosd offs OF USceudde Me 45 TINA 4 Berg CUy 4sUy tapresuec To o[<teuel ul "yoaclos sedoscur Aue che[Te ,ou pre us1914149 SLUT TSylac mtg ge Cured fo eceertAe ut pelTzo Fuleq vwtozed Cape Suelysenn of DAiles Lyi Usye, OTL vNIS BMy Pes tiryglsd Semis U,oq Uo Lusuneg , "OT . . 5 tee 17. relevant nuaber of peasle taougnt tie + the rpplicent t's ro xbur3 sold unter the nays of "BIG MAC" could b2 purciesed other thon . one of tne appliccntts outlets "Tso tant Jaiwuer licensed outlets, Tnere 1. no Gouet thet tho are of 4. > gorels in sucn outlets and thet wines conlGd arly he psurehesea 25 nat se PIG "AC" wight be oapected to etuse 2 consiaerchle enaunt confusion to <c cuffletently rolevent nurber oa purchasers of ether or coth the asnlictntts aicours respondent S wines, Eenior counsel for the coplreant arya) euPFroien' wf th contuct canclsinadi af eos such os nislez7 or relevart gersana in rel. tion rot #tpaare ae S any corrercis] connection bet yean the + e ways FN oO yattuer the r-sporient sad ters invlus7d = voniesthion of cdyost cay * Fram op - ++ li of inclusing, for ea4casls, fae seplicent ind the res lontent tous fojetaor fe prarate ths co oolierattls yinse, baet tas rgriiecat 4 seers the use by the rotpontent oF tho per > "Ur act for the wranohion Of TAS 412s OF Fant tae vopliccat ost tee respaag ent ROO JOR] wn e Joint yonture to pramete +.°0 vines, peo oGioonear Ser. tO aita- my 2.52 fart fue use oF FY voras "Pil som aS Tikely to feces oor mrvslsca persons inte ferehiung ttf set SOL! ulier bnet ac. 2 Oy went ld ignte 7h a prodvact af ek Senior counsel for the resgongent orgusd toot s.b2 (1) of the Act must oe recd +s refering ta conluct vhich we risle fin, or dxetytive or likely ro Ms} MG or Aocer.2 in same rorlevort ty ana 4 ocrygued "hat at ouss not erouza that persons shawls be mislead ta the extent of thinstinz, for oxnmole, that tps responcent's wine would be sut on sole in th. eaplicentts outlets or fo.t tne opslicent wad tne respopdent vita Uy jointly poyies the cast of the wivertisemont or thet thet cpnluscrt mrynt Seve engeal ne 2 DING > & ' Pata G . Licenses tne resgongvat to use he na. "BIG MAC" boon fac ung tes relayont person wos T1L1le7 ar to be missle J or Geteived t5 redlovrut ov vateraiuniss Lba he ~ aetRor Sasa cOonouck iS wi oreach OF so ,82(1) of tea tot, TA RO cose before m>* To ocr, hovever, srtretie thot ofa mo ornare oF confusion waren tae reloviont conduct wil] vrogicc 1s saci bau.t at WIL Lert ta or soffiuc vent nerher of parsarcs perms Lisciy toot WUSle — ar Grace el uaa Fao qgarst1ep af ev tpspo ar nant tropa ys business rapnecti1on betwen 1 soplieent oa ton recoon tent ba Astoblias.1 - ore ra aF s.F2(i). TVS We 2 7 7ry uAusucl wo bectus> af the grast oresutctien oF Fhe words "Ate mec resatiurtvay with "Arbanalotes", SNL seckica orto 7 ori an L af For, STtraes, nat oe vuntebybls oy wirisarpsert (8.7%). "ermqaisarehrvs yr tyes ots tno C.for? Cistiop ry en Nbc gtote eF hoipy fe, ansers tlie meh eg ates woes: offisx of 2 sponsor". The most rolesant recnings aF "soone or" 1p tnat duvattonary are im my opinien "Cn who entors upto orn eugsjeurnt, Tabes a2 forwoal previse or wleljo, on SanwlF of anotnoer; a surety." It was argues for tre osplicent thet the aavertisoment of waive complaint vas "ale was A roproasnt>tion that wme'aAr] Licats "Tor .isle" pint 74 #40 Soonsershis at t4- agplicint. A omurcer of witnesses cilied by free applies it Pspreseed the yvuew tart the advertisement saubl Lerd thay to Fulagw thot tare etre wrvced hea the gpessarsvayp af ta. coelaccnt, foveyer, when thotr evidence 16 cerefuily eaciine? con', SAD regara 18 pard ta the crass-. souinttrery of bane aha ore croes-axyenip sed, vt bacones cleacr thot vt ,ontei yiat rs cr fF Fy hola waerely brsause 2 witness teoushk &. 4r > 425 Soge Fars ont "Sponsorship" tho te rerresantstion urate1 consiaerstion Oy the Witnesses satisfied #7.) raguireient of ""suansorsi11p" tein s.52(c). Foy ?¥%eurds, On ettnrss, ter. cashrte hoa ret toa Poe HAG wu wins wasn ae acl vs. HUs TFT Ila Tt be ae "Dy tie use of the yor ?s '.cWillists fig auet, wehalivcrts or wes .ina had tae sponsarchi of cwslons)ets" he sart "a ob ocrrt Hhry vere s.artvag cn outlet - en antiengctent of tarde rtas throuya ucloncl..' Soother wttress, 7 rs. borweor gba 7 in Croas-e,cmiunition thet whan she si1vio oun hor atfitryit "y ferme tne aptaran Faw aclon J its is ~.soring servllacite cal eet ray Teent to Conrry "lL treoazat voywe thoy rope gars fa hoya nd Qoerortuent un tucir store.® .n- clo 8 it frag tae wtara soo 7 in tnoth Cabacrtmeant .ould lo 'ahullisets Tag, , fpathap Vit uana, urs. Frectous 3rw orp oar chet tere et ME Rieu alam fost ~ atLouale's could be Sronsoriny Nor illisats use of tue acir Lig wac", In evidence sna soi tice f4e ntrartiseuent Tid uxt Poad ner to ony fira conclusion about anytatag bet thst sae thoagyt the appliccnt anlu the responient nu oath merzy gd togetrer ane thet "sachallis c's would pay for tae oavertiswiy ial 30 Torth to sponsor soneone else's progvet or saneonsa youll szroxsar eometarr yz." Wntist the wrtnarssct To onmave gusteat mre not cur irey Lan) 7 1"O typiell of cll the yitresses onl]e4 F tho ocoanliecent com ke e ndiente tat we is ayy meaningless fo 42 ar all taes: wlinesseg who say ip fuasrtr of Fijavits thot taney foaink fro, #43 severtisenent woLonals's we sponsoring Mewtllicats and +7 use ths Frguro so obtrtnes in a chotrsticai cvercis- ta cttrat to wsterterq foe nuroer OF parsons in tee Sycney urbla ore. dik le pte - t . - to nold tn> view thet bie aordlresnt bis seanctar a" cny aaela 9 fhe respon ont within #8 ceentay Of fae var. " penieronis™ on 5.55(<¢). Secorag) Aworvsclsa 225es wl aye l oon this otc nelusiag Por .voy 21.197 Cem 2 ee ee ee (1°53) 255 Pecernl cemortear Da, ear fhe conglatnt wre ose upon a False otaten ont ar - Le -i heat 2 product .2s "Ticansecd by" > occrtcrin onrserisction, ra Ota . cease Lte., Tucra, St oo. TA Fo oars wewasier 43 corsiaer tho aecntar gp of tae vord ""scanscarsite" ve 3, Fite) cf 4 LaAvis "ha as hsponsor rave! re sve ae Fran elena tre ee more oor trea nies aces te ~~ ee Bae ee r eS mee envisa7j? Soretaing ora -long tae Lines of 2 cerfaifisstion more," Iosee no reason to cuenge PAS view wana I caneiacr teat tate vera "sponsorship" wn s.52(c) sunels be construe? in ct voy approprist3 1a fue construction af suck 2 ward liao7 tecting creating «© crurinzl of fener, I am not seeking to Go nere then coy that Looe not satisfied wn this cise thet tha ayr1desee astotllisaced steerding ta ta civil onus, th-* #he: ressomient .-é reorcsented Haet VES vine nad tre sSponsorsnity of tae tophie itt. u She next curstron 14 eo fner there vin a rogrret teat te oy £22 roe cordont fart wt} wtae head "se SOPOTGL™ wave VE Cas tet novo . Tt uwaS argues for the cs oeeltent tick the atyortisarert we re resentation tact tas rearepfent ts Torxtals .193 seo ferro -_ wy fhe cpplicant, The Cxfor2l Lietranrry Sofia sg Mle re etth ce "tos action of rpzroving; s-actiosing, Tporaoart ian". the oat so prepriste meanings af "asrroye™ up toe OCpfarl Lietion 63 cr7 4 uy Opinitwoe "Go Lonufirm cutneritstrvclys fe gaastice; fa rene ues. > ta be t00G; coreena", Ioconeitr th t befor s at souls rr otau "ne we WG ae +h "deer bassist Fag 7 resrestctstron thee ethno AA tg as raed waren regis not nova art Vo sno. care Fiore Fy Tas wy tine avizercc oun thie oo se, Tie asly for. ef seera, Lo omic. wiget pe 8 ws to by révrecorteag qa fairy ouvertu.sacnmt ooels tf sone fort ef Tolent nee oy the senticcnato of fas us af tee aca POLS UCC" anor Lobaan ta tae enads Out fits 1S AGE TM te ete 194 sufficiart ta fs os orclrenontction th ft ther Faye San ea cirras ] WN] Ssuc Jonera aGeestion sriwsec here wm orelmtisy to wnethe thor? wes a rerresentction th # the reawyatent Ws" 3 spor oorshis or Agprovcl taak wt ail att herve, For sirilir ressons to those IL hove just s.uresset Io do noe think thc #ira rovroesentation falls vitnin tae'? worde, Cection E£3{(c) rlso uses thar worl "FFI tiaat, S€Filivstion ws Cefined un the Caford pritwnery ws "ele riage; th net oof #okary > sO. PLOvtION, VY A BNcIrtY, OF GS rertraiarts ero. hes; unr1w8oi Of braneares tao = Cuero? Or certrad org2ntcction", In vy o8inien ie cannot By ctr tase tee Tavert isement con sins & rqeres nhatiar fast fat pas lcpten es any affirliretioy «ttn thy coplicint. Thilet a onompor af fas witness 23 give eyvid- are tnet tay Forse. bys rat, fra, tee rdvertisvient thet the conmbiccat snl tie pespartankt woe "act Pogetirar™ fae cpaligent ts ert qesee., Tero raat. ayo fhe tntorvt- ers ""rror #hin alyertrs stent dao yau tye tino Tfcalllreits hat jot tayrtwer wltoe cay Ofer Ssires3>" : concider thet the typrx of "sffaliction™ fo wnush ET () oF the wat peta Veo ohr~p fa "elaasorsuivs" or "-sloray lit. MRFT GL at. 4" BretS +O re utr 7 vrasivegye Pir. Focomnsi ar thot ott ray mo SrFlylabt toe Feta tant foyer any tt orbit ay lire ret oat otpad oo: for #erblsav~isian oets ava cetacittie a wth ae Ud OF LGrp apts mle a Fae Poe tur OF FR Taine an seme wee SOmsler ey os ee ee nm ee re ee ee ee - wou}dy pe og representation faat tans wanufactur-r af the talayistion sets hed an "aFFilistion" with the yotarl troe@or within . Being cctyefied tnoet tners hes peer 2 brtsca of 5.021) 3 a 1 freee 2onret Weve to concider wootnor Yo ehoulad arent rmigunetasrec retest, and wf Io snould, va whit forr, 1 fo PF WSSeC By oemr_vdr cou } t for tae corlictnt with a supnission that Io thould -sy regere nat only toa tne wvatoerests of consumo rs bub fo tar couwrereciil interests of tha asplicent aed thet, in «ubstence, Io choait prokect teen goods al] a5 at rey neve, ttrts.tobis fo tae words "DIG '7C™oy virtur of the metant of the restr tyen scch--voF 75 > rosulft of tn- vaet rcmount of marry ve hid tpt. t an at ycrtrsieg - ate on ffepher Gg. in barack curl ing Tafors tion Cf ontre rt. Ett. 7, "Ty allo, tnic eeckrip af #4 brovtyers Tet te Ja used an an ivsire Toy tye oo zFton of way Tae: 4 SPGTPV AW mt ats sGult 17 ta es ae Othasgt Untenttan af #-4 Jarxisictian." Loren Cody te roart Tarva- frie ct Fee, Pei. or. parity (1777) Te — eee a re _—_—_—-: 'eEeae Tel ak gy, 223 sci.o tm orovbltigon te fords te, Bola "ray ahh opr ty) ema pre > peidvaly Vy Herp ue chont* . 2 Gusceur yer." " . oA yen eee ee Eg Ve fen a Siero ge oe ed ee ed none oe Mee Zt. In *his regerd it is rot insppgroorirte to note thot "Cone 1's Corcorstion OF FTllinoi, OF hich the ansliczit is gs vhelly o ore Supsrviwry, & tar rogistered sraprivsztor iva Xastr.lia of ob he of > nunber af aooie in cles3%. 2S cn 3c. Te .epareotly nos apyliertians for pazistrstioq a elrsect 20 and 37. Rota rayiustrcetions hove 2 @iscleiger un ceseceat af 43 Surnive "GAC". Asgrtrentiy tiers iu ne r grotratien in clese 23 which inclutes wines, Toc not ?rtepre Fror gsgietins the -pplicant to rene? © wonapoly wa hi ase of fas r7q "OQ7o 7c" la relifin to wines un this ots beetuss Tothiny vt ora pacers ry to prevart foe constdorabl> Likeliigol af Serertian or confustio: ubout the relationship bat caan the surlicart en +4 pesrnan'? nt Fone op soonmdanrt 1a ailow Qo to ot or. et puns epger ty. tities "Nentllveant!.) 2b cto". it es tpyrasricte te mantror tint 43 sorts "Pay of ys not Fz eriphive wores vhers tok, tocetaor, 2 gave not Ayerion,sl tos Foot kyl the republtatr ota the word. METO MVC" ti. rttroensd to ag mats, but Fo oa also Sutff rs hack oan ext rorroly Svan Fres tt co ck yoy OF bay cue eter regura ts. .soris "BIG MAC" ctt cply an iteatutersy - tyn oof Howoergor, bh te parntefying 7 praivlt ef &he or Lierat, Ios reseed eos nur her of Cqeriteon 7 oe bese toa tyr Torin Costpuae et aft ur sav hatred. TH ow ws rar tict fa ary oan fas Dupe ct tho*# 4g oanst7BAr cans. *-rskl- car rut Lan be lee Qa Tr yey owen ow eee Sn ete mre went wth - —_— r ene ee ee vee eee sew = conclusions fron American carts purticulerly if they sarcera, sat the interoretztion oF o stotuts, hut sour gerertl prireip lowe The smerisan concept of unfair compre itian ahmrver, 1: brovely oquivaleart to tne concer oF esint, of Fo in Austreyice icf low, ws very fleciple, Ses generclly Cclimana "1is Lt ef Gif ar Coapetitren areas aa. wl. lop. ft-6!, Tres ans onszpolisn" ir (ap) eni la Cenior counsel for tne zsritecnt argucu fact, th coating shother Lo oyoula grant oan injgearstion, iL vinuls bear ou, ming to interests of tne agviicaat ead tart Dosa ahd hover ree to whether or not an tegunetton 'oula b> granto.l in > cote Or ain sférrvs2a aPuer tony Taw of orFfrar conc fit ion. eS Ue clever faut Fae rentay tn respscr oF wos ung eff rvs uta Fosy t proarrertion af conguct watch iy caleulltecs to qugere bis bese tt er goou wit of tn- piointifl, 22> yernim oc, Tom foo ge (uedyetl. (1579) Booed. Cf. TA G3 Noscvor cleer Fact ce, et Nal ere Tho orrlotaay Hoos, Sl Shesyea J. oan Perrscy Tew tie urfern rete Phy, tol dy eye Doy teins Infor, stiosg Ct autre Leow, Geert, .t 2. 040 sc.a: "lye rove y ut fec. 2 t.54 .1ll act, 2 yn 17 sing OFF, be feo a7 a tan 'Vy weaotoctysn ct Fae Rrovgerf® yoat vit, bok Sve g fay stew te our entry bis om ry a Oe re CT? Pn es 1s Foyt hye roms, 1d), ve witd vo occrti eds gs Leen FFA tyre rev oy Tor touat vF miaeq ve consieins." ana Jator at p. 646 his Fonour suid ogain in relaniea tos, aT i on re ae "It is not concerned, 75 Sutm wity any unf-strness of carsctteion ino tr 28 45 betevsen froger3s. 22, Fettr1an 32 aF onr hob ows on #93 contrary tt .clatively ceoacernad .1t) consvrer protection." Io oconstatr that in Goecviwy whether «no ounjun.tiwsa siaeto tbe s1ula be giyar to the oaintcrssts oF tas eppltesnt Dut som. rvgard Sioulé wrx or id to tar ec fPest of 74 Unjurstion usar tee uiterests of a respontent, hic orebisp pas been contvsere?d oy Lo4.en C.d, te Sorte Ceries Crveist ove Tee, v. Parisi, sutra, 7* pg. Ol witn regerd to the cesetren oF FR greont oF -_ oipterlocatory ingunetion, eotbeh fae Lees Laie duféfore tn the erse of . Frocl otngunctiwm, vz tris reste tne resroqvient iad mot sougut fo ancy fhe verdes "FIO sc" an roelrtisa PO wel uatail osa.e fame after tt hol covger 6h to cst ote hosesie wae ums ove oaks po Pistory of fue usr of Fir mane "Vthougi, head dt wires ta da 1.0, i eresunchly wisp ho ctr ess + hue LOAD Co, Iovwas ref orrog te tae auctstion 9F wrehie, oO oun ton Fisdl of retiuraty vs rolovonk arw an pirtivul-r to ures orsen ss. corgoret tos Fry. hte (12.2) i.e T74 eb aeuy Fue pty. bh . hee no witenticn Ft tho rracceb & ie - ' of ecllin: ines un vez outlets #hore is a Juer J hace nen betty cen yin cal food, This owe. yory TiFRopayt to af Noa Ps Gesbternmt uageh be Chto pting fo present co treter Fru using Oe ee en eh ee ee we re eee ee a nd ae ee a as bo "I . tne words "Z1G . 40" ta relition #0 soy 2c ovenishe or © pair of shoes or a pieces of furniture, In ry %1nion #he caount af goafestar snicn anil Lo couseg in *ho pints of palectat segber- of #13 nublis by the uae OF MCyallic@'s fic GAC™ un relehion to wine by the reenor tert re suffici-nt to werrcnt tne grenting of my ingunttion., Tae cAat ts very fiffearcnt fro, ¢: of Co orstral froasy sovortistas . felayistoa oets urler 2 well 'mown broad rere ip sircut~t noe saere Fae puslie wigat thane. arongly fest sore gornt eaverttoiuns See ETI IS beisg LAAducte', but ne wera, Tt suet La apes ote muna that aay "person" aay seek rebisf uidoer 2.00 of the * that fos person wa -ee'%s ralr1v xe mey aay no comrverctal interests at cll wrten [13 15 S7-fing ta aemba ley Je eestorp wining vorparztrvar Hei, (Ver) Sa be i.t. ~ "y set . Eentor couis ]) far tes peanontont cryu ew rovt il oy relref cosy #a pa tr sted! shouts oF Lizitead to th fy tney urtst Ly wMistrict 2cotuse tae Fetaenoe IF ypoesut troe Li ist elbre 2 yok Wpstryes, ir Ty ODInwa, wrovi~rw oF Hee 1a tna ayer ttins not Lisitet tetas iylary ure. Tistriety it voulea we vere Tote routrast theo relr € to thot cross, Cr tae et ep beat thee yg auton e iS kai HR tp ade iA gars roto oe, net use 753 UR Teel oma, -- aes eo teem ee awe eee = wee ee eee ee > Western Sustratin or the Lorteern forpitary ana se I prarnacs ta limit tne relief to tio ony places here vt Coes canduct bearstct. In genorz] where am tajguaetyen 15 groatl ui rol-traa toa tho use of 2 yoru or yord, which cre cerds toa ehice tae rlrintaitf nes NO exclu. rignt, vu witith wve conic syoS > seconucry a morning *O a Stynifrie nt sectien of Mo realoyort sources puslis, frre wyunctron ron portivyy fax uss mF Far yvorta ous luettel oy so tullifiostina thot ty oy rere rot ta be uses "tt ocul ere .Lt.. ve. Doris, surri, ct wy.1? Order wzOuld be fre weg co 7S tO ereniott fhe usa at tor varlts "Ea fe TEAC™ wtfhour cl-srly Sistiegursoigg te erodes fren > orodeut 9% BILea Tits or wor gs to: spoiler sFfoctl La yeror, an tart cl mL ado not constta) th t vt ould oe preetrent to rier te thr- antes. ane dinelinac™ oF face -hion or cf persone eicg Lt -Fy tay . . 3 rislec hes boon shoei fo cris > fro fy. yee oF try words "soytilivesats DIG atc". pee mjgeaicstion Lorro.o ve to grort ors ce follies: s PerCor #hot orn tax wastrotran Crewe 1 Lerrttary sas wa hy Te be, Gt Wo, 7 ty hitless, Victorir, sansdiacg m7 foe euStroj}ir uc, thdat fs yikes ity... 7, Dy itso oats ser sates 1 ~ ate om Yostroymyeo vy tri 7s ar veyvier sre, 7, eora stan rei, # Sey oar nats SULT DAY oF Web Gr Vy cere share vars Faye rreyotign pocny ane Of tho eg ociy or use OF tg From isp ag or flaetiani does Clueips urecurin, or chthart or rerlrottion et ter oar 7 Mas L - ye wes rama ees eg!' ~~ w - ee ee ee eee oe ee ee ie) Ww . a nee pn + However Pooh prepared ta antertrin subetsstons an *#*o nrseiga v wording of tn> injunction. I pass now to Pest with costs, After To gschines ta s4rit ev ptance of the fart survey, 2 furtfuer +lolicatiia wos acta an 23 Yovenoor } we nn - . , eyvreence the NG er ta mr apts yyz i orn 2B further srw y fo Corton guseshrons wn cortrin Guectianprirs fares. T rofyste7 tate spolication. - > . . : Toorcer taunt tae mLolicent soy tio yr cine ionttls caytg 74 fhis csplisotian acl) ma 63 Vavesior 1t5c. a er ae - ar ra - ' Iooree mh Fae resvonde at roy fae sau drelntte lasts oF Mh -w fan * > fhe cetrvon inclacrya, fie costs oF FP Space Tips, Foe Lut ordocutar ys pelief, | Teertify that this and the Pas eng cc OF and he Claw ot 4 Of We PP aera precoding pages,are a true copy of the Reasons for Judgment herein of his Honour | uc Mr. Justice 7%-4¢ | a LL / LOL? per b Associace er oe patedt 2! decea , FAY sen cee a omen Soe PERN ene Re Ra ee ne pe on Tao First Guestion LEA criss conecerag ty - adirssibiiity under #he oreinsry ruloe af s7idencr of meyjes S~15 of wnat is called no orctr't survey. It we cporacrints to Bouris Fhis gucsthion no, and to Caliver vy rereons without fob yins te deulo oan @efowl with cll tar autooritras cnd the ot, po sctoypaild ta vhten Lf have sesa referred an tan Uist tyoemnde o-hol lf Fs yc (1) TAF Bompl = MAOSe OLIP Loin (ave been cougit Canastitut properiy retrescnutrtigs selection fror ,het ary braetiy be oertdel fae eolrepolitcn .1stricts of syancy ana ibourn-; (2) Ine surz7y ° 8 congucte > a spt out an pryss TMLGH7 ocr tos treaiscerigts (3) PY py 2 USse ant ers Fo tnx cuentioays un eehavbit 309 . a exhibvt 2, riuran vy eh inf ors sant, Tere aeto pacart dows #9 warfacuilr wnbtervie,or tet fae tater vevet antor lr ct Soott. erewert snd fac.eg ahot os oreowtr. J eg thea pels nt tency og Op US FT gna. OO or a: (s) foe guest mauris murlartanzy to reas 1" sot mF ee apne rete eee ener re TRL ene Sen ep ee eR the interyie.S 23 intorpretag by #1 ralovant ainterztw. ors rea availrtble for inspection sy tne ressondent, (5) Waer> «ere apout 27 wnteryvyws args wmavolv-d. fne piwes of the vornet survey abirci To arm censieerins @pgrear to rocord 2 conseter ai ly71s of fhe interszie.sres! interproctation oF the various wtervirvs., Doc omesstidn a Wt te 1 ter d-ctue 65 not ciyply whetacr e@ pirae* Survey s.9ull bo ratte tn all ctreunstracts bat vwnebhar tne oortticulor ratert cl peas being toeatered snovlu be auntttert, Althougn I fo not pave to Sects Fuc 4i VUoatetigty aF Ttrop orgers" sto crosent, Lo consiter thre, -Loyeet ta certour By aialiuFrestions, eviloence concerning trod orders hes 'oon 4 ' Prslibttowddy -llowm. an srsing of Fo cetinon = ier sc ane OF FAs r wtters ot 1wssur ww 3of 2 very svirlir naturs to ont 6 F Fa trea + Ththougn fie cutettar af the pliistetoitity user consiter ttn docs not invalyo ie oun tee tyaAZ Pre rere, re wos se ow faiere 15 2 lot toa be iw for elvittin eycT als, © scleow noaf what customers ozy ghey tity uk fer gee" sol. an' or . eortresbaur friegewor.. 2 would reley couerc uw ts eo tle © Co,, [1 ute *, C)tr , Jer 8 cordon gle ote peppy oe nt trent Le rt ee eee Fa UD Far art hop at poe TH TO wee woth: (Se ".i.C. F229, -t Vet), Loayerrr fa rlanctisga af typos ~ whee tmyperap ay a ee en re rr FEET EI PR Ye eer ee Gar ° iar] May vo taat tnese cre rrdly excmries of #3. res gestae cneephiton where tas stotosont is contemporsinrous ,it.a the sale or of Fr ta ar. hogers! pasi> argurents ages th page Doe transcript whers "sy scys, Furstly, "ie first one is tot For 93 the evitcence 15 fesizgr em Fa fag, Fie apinter al respondents to euestrom, th tS 2rrssibtls Reesurs vt ors met nearsay",. flteructively 78 sugartted fief ous any octe oat fae eyiienes shouli o> Admitted us constituticy y arerptiay fatty rules csoinst eirscy. irl?r > 2602 Furl a gp omntr as vy of bas second greuna it pages 293 rant 27> of Fhe bronscriet Core our, Rogers wviteg fe, Wo neuv-.s7ry, to sp atte. Fartayer s tention ta tos herrscsy rule in Feveur of fhe -o1tssie9 ef ev tori oncrs at w2S SUsstlahially u.practie Loto ovt in fee roievont tatoructie7 ta any Of 1Or wry. vo op. stoff outlines? ars ausettions. ft ot . aie; @ Serves OF frscAT OF Net Tavy oF Lie oy (2) Sma ta rest azeet oF Gerstronr, Dovid a ah area rt Tote "MALYSTE aS PAR LAT ag ct Cr Carectly fre fae rs ar" ves ep Oe hae ln ery tears ue, Go Buisdy ca mel 1 ef ae tries, Mtervirwers wtarcuretohian- oF yo ne ie ad a Dr jyuae [e~ tee sym opyections are noth plerg on ratinsrtoility part frog any FS ecurstion of relevance; (3) That Question 4 of exniLit 2 ves in 2 Teading forg 712 woh C160 abjzestisable brese.e rte ached the cixvstton: Eo you tend ta cars ar Tiss spa? whe thiure grours is raclly poses on zm abgection ce ta relovras, Iona 2 ceca referr F to rope ver oF Tp areccn oo gee cee seyverol = tricaq ena Carsdiadq crticlss ant te cr gute srt at cr, Gdetiee aeson im Paw eaeriin2 i tae mse GF Caste Toa kG Etott-s ov. gabthouc ser tiers Db. (1G7F G.a.c. Ber), Ta3 juiguert ».as foile.ed "Sy or. Justice Perkor an Y-% G-ulcrad 1, Penfollis «1103 wll roeageut, orefor tha 7ye.8 fox 7-5. Rource> cls ty sorefFit OF Sunrisstons vibe regor7 ta tea mn restos se te "2S -Tore ta Mous- of Torts (127 aebe cd. 227), feo fours of Polsel (UST. T.b.c, 339) cal tie tricd jatar eet peiea. O13 Tn fatt Of sm tt 828, 5 2 meiner of Thar Lake gare epee tan eviterle together yuth ter arvtanes. OF 6 Toy on car tegte, wh FR Gupvey aaa bat ett oars ef oo wt tusks a. ot er ars TT Pras ele AP osr DF OF Fh sted betet aor ty cea af fee vusolte. Peel. crs Frow ore 121, Trae Sf, ta pore tel, aene de, te ee ee wa . ard puye 432, lire 45, tinat no objection eas token to evidence except on the ground of ralevene>. I fing fais case vnich .aula entitle te to acdait the Cocuments trpd-rs: Gn= Guestion oF Lh, isstubtility of ons urd statodents out, considered 'xy tae court of opoe"T ia tye oats thet ob Rayo ereviously wientionsd of 2, Lilley rn Co, bi tte 4 © Cloirt, > che .Ooriane, Te prge Ye, G6 TEC. Lord Justica Cronus 7 clit with t1ls5 gusstton ort.cen lines VF ocrl 26. To«tas t9 uncorpoyite them in whet To oe seyiry, but yo owtll rot hurtin everybody sy reraing taow at tars stage. Lari fright, the "oster af the Folls, cel tavor Lid, Saeed ttt) tne virus Jener, ily of Cresn> I,J. Thay # ye tts ger to tee fours ef Torts, Lori Tustsli af mitavan lect vit fn oaret te po af ey iwsanc weosrge fu4, SION. E OS. J orworraar shore ost Focy saying lipac 22 ta fo oF yok pace, Popes bapa ct te aS Uy riiny f. f vA as rot 2 pats thd Fo metho Fore bis gaurd wesecrs, for axlorte those ettoimsyt iq og ao orket osocpaey, ait eroved oy OF Fiasrie ey Ry oat eid aze, ltrs veo yoo maserce kts tho Rey zsa ong years ue om Oo For upsar cts yy fie ot vas . LP > lo gel ovis rs. TO Lor fan arts af [Ee 7 ray ysoli oat atllo en "tae Court . vil then ce potest Fray tt 2. rhoyp pce 4 Of Sem, Nn sossaswsn oF Vecuerats eat cbt tm a gerse yoo AF toe Foot taka tyereain, ye > emeep ry es heme en pee me ee ee i ee ee 6. Looking , he Tocun-ats toanlarey before ae To thin' n they ere an an-]ysis of stertse af hearsay azilanc > cpt that typ s le HO Fast taQ sexceptron fo tay rule cgaiiot hesrscy unger vie Pap soulu be "dnrttra. In pacttion Towed not think To hove toe ite! rea OF fia type aoe SOeg th to 1 prasad Pave 9 cn, preze. da tre 25st for mony yoors, althouas consiviercbles siffiroalty. Tk 15 necessery to soy Ga 7F tig Furtber rtpoect 1 - Roy-ro' Foret subhni us PLM USS Vo] Le pects y rt ows amt Meare ye Waris anraleen - caorgid-r.ti1o1 Farst oF J ReRor ctateuarrt ts af eat -norcaton: Op ralen soar By Boros mot osliod ag .vtnrvattc oor ret wees wn SFP I lrats OF tesa torsans car lee cr eartte. ae the beosia tht ise cre not wo arec yy fs AS Te Oe a Rui glee or Mertrllisn soa tof this cvuestion eis TLis ortore * , MPesOprrn Pofarpadg by cortnar ares yea oun Crave, ud in resly "> referr. 7 to to 2aapeonrion Cvs, Py Teataisa ond ererse ly fo poe Le a ecrcsycy. 21D "pers te ae sterh A, into rn cyt, tr bo vhsrey or tn eLrprase cf so uersear rs optterie Tota ae sree hry cto tse sats Meow Haye taor of Bae fo ar soak tur bee ty ru shied eye PV, Va eyiwe poe, are ee ne rene en ee ee ee ee emer ee cee of cersons oy heres Lorever , nak oss oF unteryreyrs prove Se ExS steais « SOD € foautope se > waere it avout docurtent uncer SY an glyst i ~~ ee Anz wiorab orrest intoryviwo.w,ers soupot 1a a gtototant try ash. tho suen weet over fount colle. wecvther fare ctoteon ut of af + the tow ' Apmswans Fram ny cucstiars af thas 311d) by contiacrction is sof tae conllesions do not canctttor that fro privicrele act ovo oain T woulda oa "eile ist; 1 Sy 2 Lerson. ey 1 true a ie . ? vstruagatea ofp ot Pe Fon Tere eo obLe,oers soagrt tau tptarrys, ar t+ oT oF -t fhe unter ys isre roll svieence tq sho Ye unrdisrie PupLey ararle, Ss aro FF .nwsstlle, 077 s overcorta > cantlisiwdtiais ay tO 5 + he wt aut cll oF Thilsen. Jn soy Bout Fa Ne Rat ap ae 2 pertrratiar strobes ct le "oOuyPt Ih Pory tee er nod 12 : ra + Wo WOR. sturar~vsily". at Fy Fan z, This consiacrcttien freer, for zinaui ro-secutoar (1e& ony ~7 ye lou. L.e nn onan ae de Fu Guctinsare sta tie f oad NE ro 2 it Fin aley me larsce any , water alah COU? peandy oo cepore tt; (VOUT) L.yan. Wrist ml oaey "7 0c + ee wg pew eeuee page 265 where woitfors Je, 2 yudgr of great erporienc: ot: ray Field, casis wita tha sroblen. Sn ovllustretirenm oF bye fredittionel 2ppro-en ta tas alimisstor of cure. ys 1s to lus foun? in 2 jultqtment of the Full Court of Couth cnetralic ap iobrats Clyne Piy. ute. 4s. Firlo votel ity.rti, (1675) oe eee re IE3, Io consisor thot our. EFeofl Aan gear avt Nis forse boa Oojyections. It 15 not af mote contivoratia, of Hi) First weestrvan thet arqyaca - te >) awthin bye tharad grout of ur. ftaffte ohyectroas. To osass nov fO the nak remark nt thx rpc stane. oa DUTUSSU UU. ar, bagars "Rad ee te Peers or a Tat bor £4 of tae rroseph rules of #he Foverli Court tit eubge t te ony Furtacr orser fais cliap snanal. asreatortn eres eeG uni-er fans, rul-ts for tno trial "na tho -Amissier ot "ry ances, L({k) sbovulu wosly so ho permit pages GS ta Ta af the sorry wrinz oc hog vnbe ev laoeisry, FUDgect Fe. yor. aati, CONIA LANs .Aica ragit ob m2 sy tae cart, "ata congitreie, 12 cyremd, sagt ovaiclus: the creas uecn cu shine of cortoain of tne interyiawers. 'are .4aFF orpneet ony ben Orlor, oe b*7Uss Fae crapped cerscer to tae .uestiere = Sond yet Van Sv taseres suk only Fess rater zte. re' antrboretatioas, y, Sere Sryim a tart bar kee au of ae THERA Le te RS Re te tn ge oe Fe rn ne ree, Cee re ee ge ru voluele ss, ani aivisston .ould ne liooly to protract tia tryol anu inereas? the avypense af it, ur. Fogors «S.°d me fo wear wa ming ths Lagisististr under .icn this cction 18 broud* 15 for th protrctiar af #4. puclic. Tr, Chaff submit od frit arger 6. prea meg agai trea basis tnt thore choulS 22 son? agool re rgon for Fehing on orcor Gager wound frat we ws not 7 valid r-asorm ftolt arn orager oat ha Juve an grrty en savintage aver toes ater sort yp ghieti ir aye yor eresvtwou.dy '1iay . or. HOGS Th vera bars Vy re®-rpinyg fe ie ve Gentos (1975) Lu. fene def. 422 cf orcas 270 one 467%, ao. CHstF rpguec fast fie parkirs Breve Oo Faery CaSee under the cl rules end vt weuld Ge uarersonlll- fas tat ro one ' fois late shugo of fre proc- wus. hry IG oo soi tiet he youl. nat aprace 3 t7JoOUrNn Tet Thats Lo snr ay af os woaethor or not order 3D rule l(H) t. tlyragratth oto 24 wlth 2 229% Linas #15, 2 rm Sy ano pore z tah iaf eet PHL tae oe Ot Lig7s 7 ta 15 of tha rurvay ,ouls be Tinely ta redsle the to 4 OF Far Erucreotare or tir Seley. wy CH FE qe targteat fa ct." to ores eras Tia Th Llacst som of PH uptep sr rerors, tee py Toot Fe an wint i YoRPusiay Ff 14s erduictic wraciul : oe ae ene ane err tee ne me en ee ene en ee a * ° l. Zhe rpnatest104 1s opposed, Z. fhe lofe stooge at hich the eprlicttid1 ie ate, 3. 105 fosetoire need For - long cdjyouresent te enahls tne roesondent, if vt wishes, ta tatr savant yn tae mortiuitty te use 3 survey Teas in > susit Wey, Tne an thus regrre loaevs van mine tac Ft Poat aa interlocutery imgjunstinga axicts, ey Lao fact that tho pasults oF the yvooulsa suru cy Sruticllly whfoerttet by fh ourtergs tetas ol. on to wna«2rg +n to Tec styane 4 + My Mtorvie ors, and nme yreart of ores 745,71 > these wntervys,ad we mv .ilcthts. aN Tha for, of Sou oF fix crostidais, For ay Yoand ab estianp 4 nF ari isit Qaestion $ sulgeste one of gow pithy oF maser. Uses FP rx yoreg MHane Fa, T Got ety guesttron of this sort, togrtyor wrth bax cuasiv scrd-es of toseers, Ts rxrtirc Ly coprc risks 14 SUrletsbraces of tars ales, Xe Teorey at lt bw tht becuse Gantar vac oct For Pesoo yd en& otye lit sire. ho trey cess code Ls4 - nuvecr OF #0 iptoryis.ers, OF WIDOT EVP wre LT, the gronting of the azslieetien roy asl? not aoe tn> result of re iuewy Tny anpoms® or avorling 7. Alfthouzi the onclyses 3 + out st sog7s 7 fa la nes not bern exoleired to ae vy Tatra] ce this chro, broetiy see.riny ent upon tae unforsstiren ct prosert before ge, I te ret feri ax tas h Tonos o prop Lilitirs fret fee oinforiet roar sauyer to b- conveye7 oan the fora a1 whist vt ds oet ar sent woul ba likely tar tues fae sponns Of fone, - MrACVzVINZS OF rvyoul ~1y 77L7y. Wwe let yula wort ab notre tage yb op cer Reo tana lowes an tre eowurteal an Yoetro)ie : at Fe or way fy one eae Tce tee th 4 thes andthe * v 6-7) weomrogycl ww vivolsol. naly ce wore et i i fang fae @S wea a true copy or the - Wee fous Toe Judgment herein of his onour Yh Justice +4- ee «et . , nq | | | ra . fen fo. Asson_ate