Kellogg Company v PB Foods Ltd [1999] FCA 1610

FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA Kellogg Company v PB Foods Ltd [1999] FCA 1610 TRADE MARKS – appeal against Registrar's dismissal of opposition to registration of word mark "TOUCAN" in respect of class 32 (fruit drinks) – existing registrations of three word and device marks of opponent in respect of class 30 (breakfast cereals) – opponent's existing marks consisting of fanciful cartoon bird character and his name "SAM TOUCAN" – extensive use by opponent of its trade marks since 1964 in connection with promotion of its children's breakfast cereal "Froot Loops" – association between opponent's fruit theme and applicant for registration's fruit drinks – whether use of word mark "TOUCAN" would be likely to cause confusion – use of survey evidence in trade mark cases. Trade Marks Act 1955 (Cth) s 28(a) Nettlefold Advertising Pty Ltd v Nettlefold Signs Pty Ltd (1997) 38 IPR 495, followed Radio Corporation Pty Ltd v Disney (1937) 57 CLR 448, applied Bali Trade Mark [1969] RPC 472, referred to Smith Hayden & Co Ltd's Application (1946) 63 RPC 97, followed Pioneer Hi-Bred Corn Co v Hy-Line Chicks Pty Ltd [1979] RPC 410, cited In re Remfry's Trade Mark (1897) 23 VLR 44, cited Reckitt & Colman (Aust) Ltd v Boden (1945) 70 CLR 84, referred to Southern Cross Refrigerating Co v Toowoomba Foundry Pty Ltd (1954) 91 CLR 592, applied Blount v Registrar of Trade Marks (1998) 83 FCR 50, cited Jafferjee v Scarlett (1937) 57 CLR 115, cited Nettlefold Advertising Pty Ltd v Nettlefold Signs Pty Ltd (1998) 160 ALR 184, referred to Musidor BV v Tansing (t/a Apple Music House) (1994) 29 IPR 203, cited Shoshana Pty Ltd v 10th Cantanae Pty Ltd (1987) 79 ALR 279, cited TV-am plc v Amalgamated Television Services Pty Ltd (ATN Channel 7) (1988) 12 IPR 85, cited Arnotts Ltd v Trade Practices Commission (1990) 24 FCR 313, cited Sterling Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd v Johnson & Johnson Australia Pty Ltd (1990) 96 ALR 277, cited Interlego AG v Croner Trading Pty Ltd (1991) 102 ALR 379, cited State Government Insurance Corporation v GIO (NSW) (1991) 28 FCR 511, cited Gas Corporation v Phasetwo Nominees Pty Ltd (1998) ATPR 41-644, cited Centurion Roller Shutters Pty Ltd v Automatic Technology (Australia) Pty Ltd [1999] FCA 1118, cited