BP p.l.c. v Woolworths Limited [2004] FCA 1362

FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

BP p.l.c. v Woolworths Limited [2004] FCA 1362 TRADE MARKS – appeal from Registrar – colour mark – construction of application – meaning of – colour not inherently distinctive – secondary meaning – divisibility of get-up to create separate marks Patents, Designs and Trade Marks Act 1883 (UK) s 67 Trade Marks Act 1955 (Cth) Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth) ss 6, 17, 33, 38, 41, 65, 70, 240, 243 Trademark Act of 1946 (Lanham Act) Trade Marks Registration Act 1875 (UK) Trade Mark Regulations 1955 reg 7(2) Trade Mark Regulations 1995 regs 4.2(b), 4.3(7) Abercrombie & Fitch Company v Hunting World, Incorporated 537 F 2d 4 (2nd Cir 1976) discussed American Basketball Association v AMF Voit, Inc and AMF Incorporated 358 F Supp 983 (1973) applied Application of F. Reddaway & Co, Limited [1914] 1 Ch 856 cited Applications by W. and G Du Cros Ld. for the Registration of Trade Mark's, In the matter of (1913) 30 RPC 660 discussed B & B Hardware, Inc., v Hargis Industries, Inc 252 F 3d 1010 (8th Cir 2001) cited Big O Tire Dealers Inc v The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, an Ohio Corporation 408 F Supp 1219 (DC Cir 1976); affirmed 561 F 2d 1365 (10th Cir 1977) cited Blount Inc v Registrar of Trade Marks (1998) 83 FCR 50 followed Burger King Corporation v The Registrar of Trade Marks (1973) 128 CLR 417 applied Campbell Soup Co. v Armour & Co. 81 F Supp 114 (1948) discussed Chemical Dynamics, Inc., In re 839 F 2d 1569 (Fed. Cir 1988) applied Clark Equipment Company v Registrar of Trade Marks (1964) 111 CLR 511 applied Dailey Pickle Co., In re 122 USPQ 340 (1959) applied E J Brach & Sons, Application of 256 F 2d 325(1958) applied Esso Standard Oil Company, Application of 305 F 2d 495 (1962) applied Gruner + Jahr USA Publishing v Meredith Corporation 991 F 2d 1072 (2nd Cir 1993) Hanson's Trade-Mark, In re (1887) 37 ChD 112 discussed Leopold Cassella & Co. Gesellschaft M.B.H, In re [1910] 2 Ch 240 applied Levi Strauss & Co v Kimbyr Investments Ltd [1994] 1 NZLR 332 followed in part Lomas v Winton Shire Council [2002] FCAFC 413 doubted McGregor – Doniger Inc., In re 123 US PQ 49 (1959) applied National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence, In re 218 USPQ 744 (1983) applied Nikken Wellness Pty Ltd v van Voorst [2003] FCA 816 not followed Orange Personal Communications Services Ltd's Application [1998] ETMR 337 referred to Owens-Corning Fibreglass Corporation, In re 774 F 2d 1116 (Fed Cir, 1985) cited Parke Davis and Company's Trade Mark Application [1976] FSR 195 cited Qualitex Co. v Jacobson Products Co., Inc 514 US 159 (1995) applied Registrar of Trade Marks, The v Muller (1980) 144 CLR 37 cited Schenectady Varnish Company, Application of 280 F 2d 1969 (1960) applied Seabrooke Foods, Inc, v Bar-Well Foods Limited, In re 568 F 2d (1977) applied Smith Kline & French Laboratories Ltd. v Sterlin- Winthrop Group Ltd. [1975] 1 WLR 914 cited Sylvania Electric Products, Inc, v Dura Electric Lamp Company 247 F 2d 730 (3d Cir 1957) discussed Torpedoes Sportswear Pty Ltd v Thorpedo Enterprises Pty Ltd (2003) 59 IPR 318 doubted Two Pesos, Inc. v Taco Cabana, Inc 505 US 763 (1992) applied U.S. Search, LLC v US Search.com Inc 300 F 3d 517 (4th Cir 2002) cited Wal-mart Stores, Inc v Samara Brothers, Inc 529 US 205 (2000) cited WELDMESH Trade Mark (1966) 83 RPC 220 cited Western Publishing Company Inc v Rose Art Industries, Inc 910 F 2d 57 (2nd Cir 1990) cited W. H. Brady Co. v Lem Products, Inc., 659 F Supp 1355 (ND. Ill. 1987) discussed WM. Wrigley JR Company's Application [1999] ETMR 214 discussed William R. Warner & Company v Eli Lilly & Company & Co 265 US 526 (1924) cited Worthington & Co.'s Trade-Mark, In re (1879) 14 ChD 8 cited Yorkshire Copper Works Limited's Application for a Trade Mark (1953) 71 RPC 150 cited Brown (ed), Explorations in Motoring History (1997) Dillon, "Two Pesos: More Interesting For What It Does Not Decide" 83 TMR 77 (1993) Gilson, Trademark Protection and Practice (1992) Fletcher, Annual Review 83 TMR 904 (1993) Fletcher, Annual Review 84 TMR 635 (1994) Jeremiah, Filling Up: The British Experience, 1896-1940 (1995) 8 (2) Journal of Design History 97 Jones, Packaging Petroleum – A History of Petrol Station Design in Britain 1955-1995 (Dissertation, May 1998) McCarthy, McCarthy on Trade Marks and Unfair Competition Palladino, "Trade Dress After Two Pesos" 84 TMR 408 (1994) Restatement Third, Unfair Competition § 13 Salaman, Trade Marks Their Registration and Protection in the United Kingdom and Abroad (1891) Sayers, Hangman's Holiday (1933) Sebastian, The Law of Trade Marks and Their Registration (2nd ed, 1884) "The Last Modern Project" (1993) 26 World Architecture 82 Working Party to Review the Trade Marks Legislation, Recommended Changes to the Australian Trade Marks Legislation (Canberra, 1992)