Federal Court of Australia
FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA
ABB Australia Pty Limited v Commissioner of Taxation [2007] FCA 1063
INCOME TAX – withholding tax under Div 11A of Pt III of Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth) – Australian resident company wholly owned subsidiary of Swiss parent company – Australian company declares dividend payable 22 days after date of declaration – Swiss parent contracts to sell right to receive dividend to English company – English company contracts to sell right to receive dividend to Australian resident company – Swiss company directs Australian subsidiary to pay dividend to end purchaser Australian resident company by paying into its bank account in Sydney – when date for payment arrives, Australian subsidiary does so – whether income consisting of dividend was "derived" by Swiss parent upon declaration of dividend – in alternative, whether Swiss company derived income consisting of dividend by payment made to end purchaser Australian resident company –relevance of evidence of business and accounting practice relating to derivation of dividend income – whether liability to withholding tax can be avoided by assignment of assignment of right to receive dividend without assignment of underlying shares. Held: (1) evidence of business and accounting practice admissible; (2) income consisting of dividend derived by Swiss parent upon declaration of dividend by Australian subsidiary; (3) alternatively, income consisting of dividend derived by Swiss parent upon payment to Australian end buyer.
WORDS AND PHRASES – "paid", "derived"
Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth) ss 128A, 128B Archibald Howie Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Stamp Duties (NSW) (1948) 77 CLR 143 cited Arthur Murray (NSW) Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation (1965) 114 CLR 314 discussed Bluebottle UK Ltd v Deputy Commissioner of Taxation (2006) 233 ALR 747 cited Bowaters Sales Co Ltd v Commissioners of Inland Revenue (1958) 38 TC 593 distinguished Broken Hill Pty Co Ltd v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1999) 99 ATC 5193 discussed Brookton Co-operative Society Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation (1981) 147 CLR 441 discussed Carapark Holdings Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation (1966) 115 CLR 653 distinguished Charter Reinsurance Co Ltd v Fagan [1997] AC 313 cited Chief Commissioner of State Revenue (NSW) v Dick Smith Electronics Holdings Pty Ltd (2005) 221 CLR 496 discussed Commissioner of Taxation v Citibank Ltd (1993) 44 FCR 434 discussed Commissioner of Taxation (Commonwealth) v Sun Alliance Investments Pty Ltd (in liq) (2005) 225 CLR 488 cited Commissioner of Taxation v Everett (1980) 143 CLR 440 cited Commissioner of Taxes (SA) v The Executor Trustee and Agency Company of South Australia Limited (1938) 63 CLR 108 followed Commissioner of Taxation (NSW) v Stevenson (1937) 59 CLR 80 discussed Cotton v Heyl [1930] 1 Ch 510 cited Countess of Bective v Commissioner of Taxation (1932) 47 CLR 417 cited Deputy Commissioner of Taxation v Bluebottle UK Ltd [2006] ATC 4803 cited Esquire Nominees Limited v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1973) 129 CLR 177 distinguished Gorringe v Irwell India Rubber and Gutta Percha Works (1866) 34 Ch D 128 cited Harding v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1917) 23 CLR 119 cited Holroyd v Marshall (1862) 10 HLCas 191 (11 ER 999) cited Industrial Equity Limited v Blackburn (1977) 137 CLR 567 cited In Re Warren; ex parte Wheeler v The Trustee in Bankruptcy [1938] Ch 725 Jolly v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1934) 50 CLR 131 discussed Lake v Bayliss [1974] 2 All ER 1114 cited Marra Developments Ltd v BW Rofe Pty Ltd [1977] 2 NSWLR 616 cited McIntyre v Gye (1994) 51 FCR 472 cited Norman v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1963) 109 CLR 9 distinguished Palette Shoes Pty Ltd v Krohn (1937) 58 CLR 1 cited Permanent Trustee Co v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1940) 6 ATD 5 discussed Potel v Inland Revenue Commissioners [1971] 2 All ER 504 cited Re Harry Simpson & Company Pty Ltd and Companies Act 1936 [1964-5] NSWR 603 discussed Reiter v Commissioner of Taxation (2001) 113 FCR 492 cited Rose v Watson (1864) 10 HLCas 672 (11 ER 1187) cited Service v Commissioner of Taxation (2000) 97 FCR 265 cited Shepherd v Commissioner of Taxation (1965) 113 CLR 385 cited South Australia v Commonwealth (1992) 174 CLR 235 discussed St Lucia Usines and Estates Company Limited v Colonial Treasurer of St Lucia [1924] AC 508 discussed Tailby v Official Receiver (1888) 13 App Cas 523 cited Ward and Pemberton v Duncombe [1893] AC 369 cited William Brandt's Sons & Co v Dunlop Rubber Company Limited [1905] AC 454 cited Zobory v Commissioner of Taxation (1995) 64 FCR 86 cited Brindle M and Cox R (eds), The Law of Bank Payments (3rd ed, Sweet & Maxwell, 2004) Derham SR, The Law of Set-Off (3rd ed, Oxford University Press, 2003) Goode RM, Payment Obligations in Commercial and Financial Transactions (Sweet & Maxwell, 1983) Heydon JD and Loughlan PL, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts (6th ed, Butterworths, 2002) Meagher RP, Heydon JD and Leeming MJ, Meagher Gummow and Lehane's Equity Doctrines and Remedies (4th ed, Butterworths, 2002) Parsons RW, Income Taxation in Australia (The Law Book Company, 1985) Proctor C, Mann on the Legal Aspect of Money (6th ed, Oxford University Press, 2005) Tolhurst G, The Assignment of Contractual Rights (Hart Publishing, 2006)
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