Primary Health Care Limited v Commonwealth of Australia [2016] FCA 313

FEDERAL COURT OF AUSTRALIA

Primary Health Care Limited v Commonwealth of Australia [2016] FCA 313 File number(s): NSD 1052 of 2014

Judge(s): JAGOT J

Date of judgment: 1 April 2016

Catchwords: TRADE MARKS – whether marks inherently adapted to distinguish – whether marks do or will distinguish – use of marks before the priority date – whether use likely to deceive or cause confusion – whether use contrary to law.

Legislation: Trade Marks Act 1995 (Cth), ss 6(1), 14(2), 17, 33, 33(2), 41, 41(3), 41(5), 41(5)(a), 41(5)(a)(i), 45(1)(a)(iii), 45(1)(b), 41(6), 42, 43, 55, 55(1), 55(1)(a), 55(1)(b), 65(7), 74, 120(2), 122, 122(1)(g), 122(2) Trade Marks Regulations 1995 (Cth) Australian Consumer Law s 18 (Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) Sch 2) Intellectual Property Laws Amendment (Raising the Bar) Act 2012 (Cth)

Cases cited: Accor Australia & New Zealand Hospitality Pty Ltd v Liv Pty Ltd [2015] FCA 554; (2015) 112 IPR 494 Advanced Hair Studio of America Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks (1988) 12 IPR 1 Anheuser-Busch v Budvar [2002] FCA 390; (2002) 56 IPR 182 Apple Inc v Registrar of Trade Marks [2014] FCA 1304; (2014) 227 FCR 511 Austereo Pty Ltd v DMG Radio (Australia) Pty Ltd [2004] FCA 968; (2004) 209 ALR 93 Bavaria NV v Bayerischer Brauerbund eV [2009] FCA 428; (2009) 177 FCR 300 Blount Inc v Registrar of Trade Marks [1998] FCA 440; (1998) 83 FCR 50 British Sugar plc v James Robertson & Sons Ltd [1996] RPC 281 Buchanan Turf Supplies Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks [2015] FCA 756; (2015) 114 IPR 81 Burger King Corp v Registrar of Trade Marks [1973] HCA 15; (1973) 128 CLR 417 Burlei v Hestia Industries Ltd [1973] HCA 43; (1973) 129 CLR 353 Cantarella Bros Pty Limited v Modena Trading Pty Limited [2014] HCA 48; (2014) 254 CLR 337 Cantarella Bros Pty Ltd v Modena Trading Pty Ltd [2013] FCA 8; (2013) 299 ALR 752 Chocolaterie Guylian NV v Registrar of Trade Marks [2009] FCA 891; (2009) 180 FCR 60 Clark Equipment Co v Registrar of Trade Marks [1964] HCA 55; (1964) 111 CLR 511 Commissioner of Patents v Emperor Sports Pty Ltd [2006] FCAFC 26; (2006) FCR 386 Commonwealth v Primary Health Care Ltd [2014] ATMP 92; (2014) 108 IPR 610 FH Faulding & Co Ltd v Imperial Chemical Industries of Australia and New Zealand Ltd [1965] HCA 72; (1965) 112 CLR 537 Food Channel Network Pty Ltd v Television Food Network GP [2010] FCAFC 58; (2010) 185 FCR 9 Jafferjee v Scarlett [1937] HCA 36; (1937) 57 CLR 115 Johnson & Johnson Aust Pty Ltd v Sterling Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd [1991] FCA 402; (1991) 30 FCR 326 Kenman Kandy Australia Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trademarks [2002] FCAFC 273; (2002) 122 FCR 494 Mantra IP Pty Ltd v Spagnuolo [2012] FCA 769; (2012) 205 FCR 241 Mark Foy's Ltd v Davies Co-operative & Co Ltd [1956] HCA 41; (1956) 95 CLR 190 McCorquodale v Masterson [2004] FCA 1247; (2004) 63 IPR 582 Modena Trading Pty Ltd v Cantarella Bros Pty Ltd [2013] FCAFC 110; (2013) 215 FCR 16 Pfizer Products Inc v Karam [2006] FCA 1663; (2006) 70 IPR 599 Philmac Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks [2002] FCA 1551; (2002) 126 FCR 525 Phone Directories Company Australia Pty Ltd v Telstra Corporation Limited [2014] FCA 373; (2014) 106 IPR 281 Registrar of Trade Marks v Muller [1980] HCA 35; (1980) 144 CLR 37 Registrar of Trade Marks v Woolworths [1999] FCA 1020; (1999) 93 FCR 365 Re Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc (1999) 46 IPR 601 Rowntree plc v Rollbits Pty Ltd (1988) 90 FLR 398; (1988) 10 IPR 539 Scotch Whisky Association v De Witt [2007] FCA 1649; (2007) 74 IPR 382 Shell Co of Australia Ltd v Esso Standard Oil (Aust) Ltd [1963] HCA 66; (1963) 109 CLR 407 Southern Cross Refrigerating Co v Toowoomba Foundry Pty Ltd [1954] HCA 82; (1954) 91 CLR 592 Sports Warehouse, Inc v Fry Consulting Pty Ltd [2010] FCA 664; (2000) 186 FCR 519 Thompson v B Seppelt & Sons Ltd [1925] HCA 40; (1925) 37 CLR 305 Time Warner Entertainment Co, LP v Stepsam Investments Pty Ltd [2003] FCA 1502; (2003) 134 FCR 51 Unilever Australia Ltd v Societe Des Produits Nestlé SA [2006] FCA 782; (2006) 154 FCR 165