Statement of Principles concerning Dupuytren disease (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 10 of 2019) (Cth)

Statement of Principles concerning DUPUYTREN DISEASE (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 10 of 2019) The Repatriation Medical Authority determines the following Statement of Principles under subsection 196B(3) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.

Dated 21 December 2018

The Common Seal of the Repatriation Medical Authority was affixed to this instrument at the direction of:

Professor Nicholas Saunders AO Chairperson

Contents 1 Name 2 Commencement 3 Authority 4 Repeal 5 Application 6 Definitions 7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates 8 Basis for determining the factors 9 Factors that must exist 10 Relationship to service 11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles Schedule 1 - Dictionary 1 Definitions

1 Name This is the Statement of Principles concerning Dupuytren disease (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 10 of 2019). 2 Commencement This instrument commences on 28 January 2019. 3 Authority This instrument is made under subsection 196B(3) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986. 4 Repeal The Statement of Principles concerning Dupuytren's disease No. 58 of 2010 (Federal Register of Legislation No. F2010L01671) made under subsection 196B(3) of the VEA is repealed. 5 Application This instrument applies to a claim to which section 120B of the VEA or section 339 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 applies. 6 Definitions The terms defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary have the meaning given when used in this instrument. 7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates (1) This Statement of Principles is about Dupuytren disease and death from Dupuytren disease. Meaning of Dupuytren disease (2) For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Dupuytren disease means a benign, progressive fibroproliferative disease of the palmar and digital fascia, which causes puckering and thickening of palmar skin and the formation of nodules and cords in the palmar and digital fascia, and which may progress to flexion contracture of the digits. (3) While Dupuytren disease attracts ICD‑10‑AM code M72.0, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of Dupuytren disease is that given in subsection (2). (4) For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4. Death from Dupuytren disease (5) For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Dupuytren disease, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's Dupuytren disease. Note: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary. 8 Basis for determining the factors On the sound medical‑scientific evidence available, the Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that it is more probable than not that Dupuytren disease and death from Dupuytren disease can be related to relevant service rendered by veterans or members of the Forces under the VEA, or members under the MRCA. Note: MRCA, relevant service and VEA are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary. 9 Factors that must exist At least one of the following factors must exist before it can be said that, on the balance of probabilities, Dupuytren disease or death from Dupuytren disease is connected with the circumstances of a person's relevant service: (1) smoking at least ten pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products, before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease, and: (a) smoking commenced at least five years before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; and (b) where smoking has ceased, the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease has occurred within five years of cessation; Note: pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (2) consuming an average of at least 200 grams per week of alcohol, for at least five consecutive years within the ten years before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; Note: Alcohol consumption is calculated utilising the Australian Standard of ten grams of alcohol per standard alcoholic drink. (3) having alcohol use disorder at the time of the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; (4) having alcoholic liver disease before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; Note: alcoholic liver disease is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (5) having trauma to the hand, wrist or forearm of the affected side, within the one year before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; Note 1: trauma is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. Note 2: Examples of trauma include, but are not limited to, laceration, sprain or crush injury, fracture or surgery, and a thermal, electrical or chemical burn. (6) having a clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand, within the three months before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; Note: clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (7) for bilateral Dupuytren disease only: (a) having trauma to the hand, wrist or forearm before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease, and where: (i) Dupuytren disease first developed on the side affected by trauma; and (ii) Dupuytren disease developed in both hands within the one year following the trauma; or Note 1: trauma is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. Note 2: Examples of trauma include, but are not limited to, laceration, sprain or crush injury, fracture or surgery, and a thermal, electrical or chemical burn. (b) having a clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease, and where: (i) Dupuytren disease first developed on the side affected by the infection; and (ii) Dupuytren disease developed in both hands within the three months following the infection; Note: clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (8) performing any combination of: (a) repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities using the affected hand; or (b) activities using a hand-held, vibrating or percussive tool in the affected hand; for a cumulative period of at least 10 000 hours before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease, and where these activities have ceased, the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease has occurred within five years of cessation; Note 1: Examples of repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities include, but are not limited to, handling, lifting, moving or carrying a load greater than ten kilograms; using large, hand-held power machinery; lifting, digging or shovelling; and participating in sports involving repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities such as tennis, rock climbing, hockey or baseball. Note 2: Examples of a hand-held, vibrating or percussive tool include, but are not limited to, screwdrivers, drills, chainsaws, jackhammers, boring machines and punching machines. (9) having diabetes mellitus before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; (10) having epilepsy at the time of the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; (11) being treated with vemurafenib within the two years before the clinical onset of Dupuytren disease; (12) smoking at least ten pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products, before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease, and: (a) smoking commenced at least five years before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; and (b) where smoking has ceased, the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease has occurred within five years of cessation; Note: pack-years of cigarettes, or the equivalent thereof in other tobacco products is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (13) consuming an average of at least 200 grams per week of alcohol, for at least five consecutive years within the ten years before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; Note: Alcohol consumption is calculated utilising the Australian Standard of ten grams of alcohol per standard alcoholic drink. (14) having alcohol use disorder at the time of the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; (15) having alcoholic liver disease before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; Note: alcoholic liver disease is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (16) having trauma to the hand, wrist or forearm of the affected side, within the one year before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; Note 1: trauma is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. Note 2: Examples of trauma include, but are not limited to, laceration, sprain or crush injury, fracture or surgery, and a thermal, electrical or chemical burn. (17) having a clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand, within the three months before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; Note: clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (18) for bilateral Dupuytren disease only: (a) having trauma to the hand, wrist or forearm before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease, and where: (i) Dupuytren disease first worsened on the side affected by trauma; and (ii) Dupuytren disease worsened in both hands within the one year following the trauma; or Note 1: trauma is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. Note 2: Examples of trauma include, but are not limited to, laceration, sprain or crush injury, fracture or surgery, and a thermal, electrical or chemical burn. (b) having a clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease, and where: (i) Dupuytren disease first worsened on the side affected by the infection; and (ii) Dupuytren disease worsened in both hands within the three months following the infection; Note: clinically significant infection involving the palmar surface of the affected hand is defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary. (19) performing any combination of: (a) repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities using the affected hand; or (b) activities using a hand-held, vibrating or percussive tool in the affected hand; for a cumulative period of at least 10 000 hours before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; and where these activities have ceased, the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease has occurred within five years of cessation; Note 1: Examples of repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities include, but are not limited to, handling, lifting, moving or carrying a load greater than ten kilograms; using large, hand-held power machinery; lifting, digging or shovelling; and participating in sports involving repetitive, strenuous or forceful activities such as tennis, rock climbing, hockey or baseball. Note 2: Examples of a hand-held, vibrating or percussive tool include, but are not limited to, screwdrivers, drills, chainsaws, jackhammers, boring machines and punching machines. (20) having diabetes mellitus before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; (21) having epilepsy at the time of the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; (22) being treated with vemurafenib within the two years before the clinical worsening of Dupuytren disease; (23) inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for Dupuytren disease. 10 Relationship to service (1) The existence in a person of any factor referred to in section 9, must be related to the relevant service rendered by the person. (2) The factors set out in subsections 9(12) to 9(23) apply only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, Dupuytren disease where the person's Dupuytren disease was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person's relevant service. 11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles In this Statement of Principles: (1) if a factor referred to in section 9 applies in relation to a person; and (2) that factor refers to an injury or disease in respect of which a Statement of Principles has been determined under subsection 196B(3) of the VEA; then the factors in that Statement of Principles apply in accordance with the terms of that Statement of Principles as in force from time to time.