Manual of Standards Part 172—Air Traffic Services (Cth)

Manual of Standards Part 172—Air Traffic Services Version 2.2 made under regulation 172.022 of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998

Compilation No. 11

Compilation date: 01 August 2023

Includes amendments up to: F2023L01044

Prepared by the Flight Standards Branch, National Operations & Standards Division, Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Canberra.

Manual of Standards Part 172—Air Traffic Services

© Civil Aviation Safety Authority

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Table of Contents Table of Contents Foreword Chapter 1: Introduction Section 1.1: General 1.1.1 Background 1.1.2 Document Set 1.1.3 Differences Between ICAO Standards and those in MOS 1.1.4 Differences Published in AIP 1.1.5 MOS Documentation Change Management 1.1.6 Related Documents Section 1.2: Abbreviations and Definitions 1.2.1 Abbreviations 1.2.2 Definitions Chapter 2: Operations Manual Section 2.1: General 2.1.1 Introduction 2.1.2 Content of the Operations Manual Chapter 3: ATS Facilities and Equipment Chapter 4: Fatigue Management Chapter 5: Training and Checking Program Section 5.1: General 5.1.1 Introduction 5.1.2 Program 5.1.3 Competency 5.1.4 Training Courses 5.1.5 Emergency Training 5.1.6 Refresher Training 5.1.7 On-going Training 5.1.8 Remedial Training 5.1.9 Checking 5.1.10 Qualifications of Trainers and Checkers Chapter 6: Safety Management System Section 6.1: General 6.1.1 Features of Safety Management System 6.1.2 Safety Case Preparation Chapter 7: Contingency Plans Section 7.1: General 7.1.1 Introduction 7.1.2 Minimum Contents Chapter 8: Security Program Section 8.1: General 8.1.1 Introduction 8.1.2 Security Measures Chapter 9: Documents and Records Section 9.1: General 9.1.1 Documents 9.1.2 Records 9.1.3 Records to be Kept 9.1.4 Maintaining Records 9.1.5 Maintaining Operational Log Books 9.1.6 Voice and Data Recording Chapter 10: Standards for the Provision of Air Traffic Services Section 10.1: General 10.1.1 Purpose 10.1.2 Air Traffic Services Commensurate with Airspace Classification 10.1.3 Traffic Priorities 10.1.4 Relaxation of Speed Restrictions 10.1.5 SARWATCH for IFR Aircraft conducting VFR Operations Section 10.2: ATS surveillance systems 10.2.1 Use of ADS-B surveillance 10.2.2 Operation of ADS-B transmitters 10.2.3 Verification of level information 10.2.4 Determination of level occupancy using ATS surveillance system-derived level information 10.2.5 Establishment of identification 10.2.6 Position information 10.2.7 Use of Speed Control 10.2.8 Termination of ATS surveillance services 10.2.9 Obstacle clearance 10.2.10 Vectoring special VFR 10.2.11 Issuing ATS surveillance system derived distance Section 10.3: Circuits and Runways 10.3.1 Selection of Runway in Use 10.3.2 Simultaneous Parallel Runway Operations 10.3.3 Procedures for Low Visibility Operations 10.3.4 Protecting ILS critical and sensitive areas 10.3.5 Informing pilots when critical and sensitive areas are not protected Section 10.4: Departures and Arrivals 10.4.1 Arriving Aircraft 10.4.5 Independent Parallel Visual Approaches 10.4.6 Dependent Parallel Visual Approaches 10.4.8 Simultaneous Opposite Direction Parallel Runway Operations Section 10.5: Separation Standards — General 10.5.1 Application of Separation Standards 10.5.2 Separation of VFR using navigation aids 10.5.3 Formation or In-company Flights 10.5.4 Airspace Boundaries 10.5.5 Separation minima based on ATS surveillance systems 10.5.6 Separation between ADS-C tracks and radar tracks Section 10.6: Separation Standards–Longitudinal 10.6.1 Mach Number Technique 10.6.2 Application of Longitudinal Time Minima 10.6.3 Cross Check Calculations 10.6.4 Longitudinal Time Separation Minima 10.6.5 Application of Time Departure Minima 10.6.6 Time Departure Separation Minima 10.6.7 Application of Longitudinal Distance Separation 10.6.8 Use of DME/GPS Separation 10.6.9 RNAV Separation 10.6.10 Longitudinal Distance Separation Using ADS-C 10.6.11 Distance Separation Minima 10.6.12 RNAV Distance Separation Minima 10.6.13 Distance Separation minima using RNAV with Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Contact Section 10.7: Separation Standards—Vertical 10.7.1 Vertical Buffers between Aircraft Inside and Outside Controlled Airspace 10.7.2 Vertical Separation Below High Altitude Balloons 10.7.3 Step Climbs and Descents 10.7.4 Specifying Rates of Climb 10.7.5 Rate in Step Climb/Descent 10.7.6 Assigning Vacated Levels 10.7.7 Vertical Separation Using ADS-C 10.7.8 Transition Layer, Altitude and Level 10.7.9 Common Altimeter Settings 10.7.10 Levels Unavailable when QNH less than 1013 10.7.11 Vertical Separation Minima Section 10.8: Separation Standards—Lateral 10.8.1 Lateral Separation Buffer 10.8.2 Application of Lateral Separation 10.8.3 Navigation Tolerances Section 10.9: Separation Standards—Applicable to En-route Area Navigation by Aircraft Using Inertial Navigation Systems 10.9.1 Introduction 10.9.2 Lateral Separation 10.9.3 Longitudinal Separation 10.9.4 Distance Standards 10.9.5 Explanation of Derivation of Longitudinal Separation Standards Section 10.10: Separation Standards—Visual 10.10.1 Application 10.10.2 Separation Using Visual Observation 10.10.3 Separating Approaching Aircraft Beyond Tower View Section 10.11: Separation Standards—Miscellaneous 10.11.1 Parachute Jumping Exercise (PJE) 10.11.2 Limitations and Extensions – PJE 10.11.3 High Altitude Balloons 10.11.4 Manned Balloon Operations 10.11.5 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) 10.11.6 ACAS/TCAS Resolution Advisory Action 10.11.7 Unspecified Operations Section 10.12: Separation Standards—Wake Turbulence 10.12.1 Interpretation 10.12.2 Wake Turbulence Separation Minima 10.12.3 Application Section 10.13: Separation Standards—Aerodrome 10.13.1 Taxiing and Runway Standards 10.13.2 Arriving Aircraft and an Aircraft Taking Off 10.13.3 Simultaneous Parallel Operations 10.13.4 Training Approaches 10.13.5 Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) 10.13.6 Landing Distance Required (LDR) for LAHSO 10.13.7 Letters of Agreement for LAHSO 10.13.8 Runway Separation Minima Chapter 11: Information Provided To Pilots Section 11.1: General 11.1.1 Take-off or Landing Information 11.1.2 Safety Alerts 11.1.3 Altimetry 11.1.4 Traffic Information Chapter 12: Information Transfer Section 12.1: General 12.1.1 Validity of an ATC Clearance 12.1.2 Level Assignment 12.1.3 Clearances for Special VFR Aircraft 12.1.4 Clearances Below LSALT 12.1.5 Clearance Limits 12.1.6 Clearance Readbacks 12.1.7 Transfer of identification 12.1.8 Clearance by Establishment of 2-way Communications Section 12.2: En-route/Terminal Clearances 12.2.1 Departure Clearances 12.2.2 ATC Route Clearances 12.2.3 STAR Clearances 12.2.4 Approach Clearances Section 12.3: Aerodrome Clearances 12.3.1 General 12.3.2 Taxi and Pre-Taxi Instructions 12.3.3 Line Up and Take-off Clearances 12.3.4 Landing Clearances Chapter 13: Abnormal Operations Section 13.1: Weather Deviation and RVSM Contingency Procedures 13.1.1 Weather Deviation in Oceanic Airspace 13.1.2 Aircraft Equipment Failures in RVSM Airspace Section 13.2: In Flight Emergency Response 13.2.1 Emergency Changes of Level 13.2.2 Fuel Dumping Chapter 14: Aeronautical Communications Section 14.1: General 14.1.1 Acknowledging Receipt of Verbal Coordination 14.1.2 Telephony Protocols 14.1.3 Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network Notes to Manual of Standards Part 172...................................Notes-