Statement of Principles concerning Merkel cell carcinoma (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 81 of 2024) (Cth)

Statement of Principles concerning MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 81 of 2024) The Repatriation Medical Authority determines the following Statement of Principles under subsection 196B(3) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986.

Dated 18 October 2024.

Professor Terence Campbell AM Chairperson by and on behalf of The Repatriation Medical Authority

Contents 1 Name 2 Commencement 3 Authority 4 Repeal 5 Application 6 Definitions 7 Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates 8 Basis for determining the factors 9 Factors that must exist 10 Relationship to service 11 Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles Schedule 1 - Dictionary 1 Definitions

1. Name This is the Statement of Principles concerning Merkel cell carcinoma (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 81 of 2024). 1. Commencement This instrument commences on 19 November 2024. 1. Authority This instrument is made under subsection 196B(3) of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986. 1. Repeal The Statement of Principles concerning non-melanotic malignant neoplasm of the skin (Balance of Probabilities) (No. 8 of 2016) (Federal Register of Legislation No. F2016L00241) made under subsection 196B(3) and (8) of the VEA is repealed. 1. Application This instrument applies to a claim to which section 120B of the VEA or section 339 of the Military Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 2004 applies. 1. Definitions The terms defined in the Schedule 1 - Dictionary have the meaning given when used in this instrument. 1. Kind of injury, disease or death to which this Statement of Principles relates 1. This Statement of Principles is about Merkel cell carcinoma and death from Merkel cell carcinoma. Meaning of Merkel cell carcinoma 1. For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Merkel cell carcinoma means a primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma; 2. While Merkel cell carcinoma attracts ICD‑10‑AM codes: C00.0, C00.1, C00.2, C00.6, C00.8, C00.9, C44, C51.0, C51.1, C51.2, C51.8, C51.9, C60.0, C60.1, C60.2, C60.8, C60.9, C63.2, D04, D07.1, D07.4, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of Merkel cell carcinoma is that given in subsection (2). 3. For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4. Death from Merkel cell carcinoma 1. For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, Merkel cell carcinoma, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's Merkel cell carcinoma. Note: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary. 1. Basis for determining the factors On the sound medical‑scientific evidence available, the Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that it is more probable than not that Merkel cell carcinoma and death from Merkel cell carcinoma can be related to relevant service rendered by veterans or members of the Forces under the VEA, or members under the MRCA. Note: MRCA, relevant service and VEA are defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary. 1. Factors that must exist At least one of the following factors must exist before it can be said that, on the balance of probabilities, Merkel cell carcinoma or death from Merkel cell carcinoma is connected with the circumstances of a person's relevant service: 1. having sunlight exposure to unprotected skin for a cumulative period of at least 4,500 latitude equivalent hours before clinical onset; Note: latitude equivalent hours and unprotected skin are defined in the Schedule 1- Dictionary. 1. being infected with Merkel cell polyomavirus before clinical onset; 1. being infected with human immunodeficiency virus before clinical onset; 2. undergoing solid organ (excluding corneal transplant) or bone marrow transplantation at least 10 years before clinical onset; 3. having non-Hodgkin lymphoma before clinical onset; 4. having mature B-cell lymphoid leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma before clinical onset; Note: Mature B-cell lymphoid leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma is also known as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small cell lymphoma. 1. inability to obtain appropriate clinical management for Merkel cell carcinoma before clinical worsening. 1. Relationship to service 1. The existence in a person of any factor referred to in section 9, must be related to the relevant service rendered by the person. 2. The factor set out in subsection 9(7) applies only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, Merkel cell carcinoma where the person's Merkel cell carcinoma was suffered or contracted before or during (but did not arise out of) the person's relevant service. 2. Factors referring to an injury or disease covered by another Statement of Principles In this Statement of Principles: 1. if a factor referred to in section 9 applies in relation to a person; and 2. that factor refers to an injury or disease in respect of which a Statement of Principles has been determined under subsection 196B(3) of the VEA; then the factors in that Statement of Principles apply in accordance with the terms of that Statement of Principles as in force from time to time.