Secretary of the Ministry of Health v The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives’ Association [2022] NSWSC 1178

Supreme Court New South Wales

Medium Neutral Citation: Secretary of the Ministry of Health v The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association [2022] NSWSC 1178 Hearing dates: 11, 12 and 19 July 2022 (Notes received on 25 and 29 July 2022) Date of orders: 28 September 2022 Decision date: 28 September 2022 Jurisdiction: Common Law - Administrative Law Before: Walton J Decision: (1) The Amended Summons, insofar that it pertains to pleaded contraventions A, B and J, is dismissed. (2) The Court declares that The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association has contravened the dispute orders made by the Industrial Relations Commission on 15 March 2022 in the respects alleged by the prosecutor in pleaded contraventions C to I of the Amended Summons. (3) The Court imposes a penalty of $25,000 on The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association. (4) Grant liberty to the parties to apply within seven days of the publication of this judgment. Catchwords: EMPLOYMENT AND INDUSTRIAL LAW — industrial disputes — dispute orders — Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW) ss 136, 137 and 139 —alleged contravention of dispute orders — whether multiple separate contraventions of dispute orders — single course of conduct — assessment of penalty — sentencing principles — consideration of Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Pattinson (2022) 314 IR 301; [2022] HCA 13 — principle of totality — objective factors — nature and extent of contravening conduct — seriousness of conduct — deliberateness of conduct — loss and damage caused — circumstances of contravention — general deterrence —specific deterrence — subjective factors — penalty imposed EMPLOYMENT AND INDUSTRIAL LAW — Industrial Relations Commission — power and jurisdiction — industrial disputes — industrial action — conciliation and arbitration — dispute orders — public interest — objects of the Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW) EMPLOYMENT AND INDUSTRIAL LAW — Industrial Relations Commission — power and jurisdiction — appellate jurisdiction — statutory right to seek leave to appeal to Full Bench — principles and relevant considerations for grant of leave — grant of leave where Commissioner fails to give adequate reasons COURTS AND TRIBUNALS — jurisdiction of Supreme Court — Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW) s 139 — collateral challenge, attack or review — discretion to entertain the collateral challenge — discretion to decline to hear and determine collateral challenge — relevant considerations and factors — application to present case COURTS AND TRIBUNALS — jurisdiction of Supreme Court — privative clause — Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW) s 179 — Kirk v Industrial Court (NSW) (2010) 239 CLR 531 — whether s 179 prevents collateral challenge — decision with non-jurisdictional error of law is "final" and not void ADMINISTRATIVE LAW — failure to give reasons — whether the Commission was under an obligation or duty to give reasons — implied statutory obligation to give reasons — "special circumstances" in Public Service Board (NSW) v Osmond (1986) 159 CLR 656 — Industrial Relations Commission is a quasi-judicial body — required to act judicially — required to afford procedural fairness — statutory right of appeal — dispute orders affect rights of persons — discussion of content and adequacy of reasons ADMINISTRATIVE LAW — failure to respond to substantial, clearly articulated argument — meaning of "substantial" and "clearly articulated" — whether satisfied by dialogue or questioning between counsel or representative and Commissioner — practical injustice — materiality ADMINISTRATIVE LAW — jurisdictional error or error of law — whether failure to give reasons amounts to jurisdictional error — constructive failure to exercise jurisdiction — denial of procedural fairness — February dispute orders void — March dispute orders not void Legislation Cited: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth), s 10 Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977 (Cth) Australian Courts Act 1828 (Imp), s 3 Bail Act 2013 (NSW), s 71 Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1904 (Cth), ss 6, 6A, 19 Commonwealth Constitution, Ch III; s 51(xxxv) Constitution Act 1902 (NSW), Pt 9 Crimes (Appeal and Review) Act 2001 (NSW), Pt 7; ss 78, 79 Criminal Justice Act 1967 (UK), s 61 Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (NSW), s 109H Evidence Act 1995 (NSW), ss 140, 144 Fair Work Act 2009 (NSW), ss 12, 19, 349, 363, 417, 546 Fines Act 1996 (NSW), s 4 Fire and Rescue NSW Act 1989 (NSW), ss 69, 70 Government and Related Employees' Tribunal Act 1980 (NSW), s 43 Government Sector Audit Act 1983 (NSW), s 33E Government Sector Employment Act 2013 (NSW), s 50 Health Services Act 1997 (NSW), ss 115, 116, 116H Home Building Act 1989 (NSW), ss 3C, 18E, 48K Independent Commission Against Corruption Act 1988 (NSW), s 104 Industrial Arbitration (Special Provisions) Act 1984 (NSW) Industrial Arbitration Act 1940 (NSW), ss 84, 100 Industrial Relations (Public Sector Conditions of Employment) Regulation 2014 (NSW), cls 6, 6A Industrial Relations Act 1991 (NSW), s 195 Industrial Relations Act 1996 (NSW), Ch 2 Pt 6, Ch 3, Ch 4, Ch 6A; ss 3, 10, 13, 17, 19, 38, 84, 106, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 146, 147, 148, 152, 155, 156, 162, 163, 167, 169, 177, 179, 181A, 187, 188, 191, 355A, 355C, 355E, 357; Sch 4 cl 70(1) Industrial Relations Act 2016 (Qld), s 531 Industrial Relations Amendment (Industrial Court) Act 2016 (NSW), Sch 1 cl 16 Industrial Relations Amendment Act 2005 (NSW) Industrial Relations Commission Rules 2009 (NSW), r 13.2 Interpretation Act 1987 (NSW), ss 34, 35 Legal Profession Act 1987 (NSW), Pt 11 Div 6; ss 208L, 208M Legal Profession Reform Act 1993 (NSW) Legal Profession Uniform Conduct (Barristers) Rules 2015 (NSW), r 4 Legal Profession Uniform Law Australian Solicitors' Conduct Rules 2015 (NSW), Pt 2 r 3.1 Police Act 1990 (NSW), s 85 Public Service Act 1979 (NSW), ss 65A, 116 Supreme Court Act 1970 (NSW), ss 23, 69, 75, 124 Supreme Court Rules 1970 (NSW), Pt 72; Sch J Pt 1 cls 1, 2 (under the heading "Industrial Relations Act 1996") Teaching Service Act 1980 (NSW), s 12 Transport Administration Act 1988 (NSW), ss 59, 68K Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 (NSW), rr 6.3, 59.3, 59.10 Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998 (NSW), ss 327, 328 Workplace Relations Act 1996 (Cth), s 170CG Workplace Relations Amendment (Work Choices) Act 2005 (Cth) Cases Cited: A v New South Wales (2007) 230 CLR 500; [2007] HCA 10 AAI Ltd trading as GIO as agent for the Nominal Defendant v McGiffen (2016) 77 MVR 348; [2016] NSWCA 229 Aboud v State of New South Wales (Department of School Education) (1999) 92 IR 32 Ace Business Brokers Pty Ltd v Phillips-Treby (2000) 100 IR 420 Ahmad v R [2022] NSWCCA 144 Ainsworth v Criminal Justice Commission (1992) 175 CLR 564; [1992] HCA 10 Alexandria Landfill Pty Ltd v Transport for NSW (2020) 103 NSWLR 479; [2020] NSWCA 165 Ali v AAI Limited (2016) 75 MVR 502; [2016] NSWCA 110 Allianz Australia Insurance Ltd v Cervantes (2012) 61 MVR 443; [2012] NSWCA 244 Allplastics Engineering Pty Ltd v Dornoch Ltd [2006] NSWCA 33 Amalgamated Metal Workers Union v Electricity Commission (NSW) (1989) 28 IR 155 Ambulance Service of New South Wales v Buchtmann (2007) 160 IR 57; [2007] NSWIRComm 18 Ambulance Victoria v United Voice (2014) 245 IR 375; [2014] FCA 1119 Anderson Stuart v Treleavan (2000) 49 NSWLR 88 Antonakopoulos v State Bank of NSW (1999) 91 IR 385 Attorney-General (NSW) v Kennedy Miller Television Pty Ltd (1998) 43 NSWLR 729 Attorney-General (SA) v Tichy (1982) 30 SASR 84 Australian Broadcasting Tribunal v Bond (1990) 170 CLR 321 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (The Bay Street Case) (2018) 260 FCR 564; [2018] FCA 83 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (No 3) [2017] FCA 10 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Construction, Forestry, Maritime, Mining and Energy Union (The Nine Brisbane Sites Appeal) (2019) 269 FCR 262; [2019] FCAFC 59 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (2017) 254 FCR 68; [2017] FCAFC 113 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Hall (2018) 261 FCR 347; [2018] FCAFC 83 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Huddy [2017] FCA 739 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Pattinson (2022) 314 IR 301; [2022] HCA 13 Australian Building and Construction Commissioner v Pattinson (2019) 291 IR 286; [2019] FCA 1654 Australian Commonwealth Shipping Board v Federated Seamen's Union of A/asia (1925) 35 CLR 462 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Hillside (Australia New Media) Pty Ltd (t/as Bet365) (No 2) [2016] FCA 698 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Reckitt Benckiser (Australia) Pty Ltd (2016) 340 ALR 25; [2016] FCAFC 181 Australian Crime Commission v Marrapodi (2012) 42 WAR 351; [2012] WASCA 103 Australian Iron & Steel Ltd v Amalgamated Engineering Union [1959] AR (NSW) 329 Australian Iron & Steel Ltd v Federated Ironworkers Association [1950] AR (NSW) 629 Australian Iron & Steel Ltd v Federated Ironworkers Association [1961] AR (NSW) 304 Australian Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers Union, New South Wales Branch v Murawina Mt Druitt Co-op Ltd [2005] NSWIRComm 1017 Australian Manufacturing Workers' Union v McCain Foods (Aust) Pty Ltd (2021) 310 IR 1; [2021] FWCFB 4808 Australian Salaried Medical Officers' Federation (NSW) v Secretary of Health [2018] NSWIRComm 1052 Australian Tramway Employees' Association v Prahran & Malvern Tramway Trust (Union Badge Case) (1913) 17 CLR 680 Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales v Bluescope Steel (AIS) Pty Limited (2006) 151 IR 153; [2006] NSWIRComm 71 Avon Downs Pty Ltd v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1949) 78 CLR 353 Baker v Australian Workers Union [2006] NSWIRComm 1225 Banque Commerciale SA (in liq) v Akhil Holdings Ltd (1990) 169 CLR 279 Barnier v Secretary, Department of Education [2021] NSWIRComm 1045 BHP Steel (AIS) Pty Ltd (now known as BlueScope Steel (AIS) Pty Ltd) and The Australian Workers' Union, NSW [2006] NSWIRComm 263 BHP Steel Ltd v The Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales [2003] NSWIRComm 151 Big W Discount Stores v Donato (1995) 58 IR 239 Blacktown Workers Club Ltd v Harris (1999) 93 IR 226 Bluescope Steel (AIS) Ltd v Australian Workers' Union (NSW) (2005) 138 IR 324; [2005] NSWIRComm 99 Bluescope Steel (AIS) Ltd v AWU and Anor (No 2) [2005] NSWIRComm 210 Bluescope Steel (AIS) Pty Ltd v Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales [2005] NSWIRComm 260 Bluescope Steel (AIS) Pty Ltd v Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales [2006] NSWIRComm 274 BlueScope Steel Limited v Australian Workers' Union [2018] FCA 1574 Bluescope Steel Ltd v Australian Workers' Union, NSW (2004) 137 IR 176; [2004] NSWIRComm 222 Bluescope Steel Ltd v The Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales [2006] NSWIRComm 338 Boddington v British Transport Police [1999] 2 AC 143 Box Valley Pty Ltd v Price (2000) 97 IR 484 Briginshaw v Briginshaw (1938) 60 CLR 336 Britton and Riverstone Public School [1999] NSWIRComm 181 Brodie v Singleton Shire Council (2001) 206 CLR 512; [2001] HCA 29 Brooks v Upper Hunter County Council [1973] AR (NSW) 90 Building Construction Employees & Builders' Labourers Federation of New South Wales v Minister for Industrial Relations (1985) 1 NSWLR 197 Burge v NSW BHP Steel Pty Ltd (2001) 105 IR 325; [2001] NSWIRComm 117 Burwood Cinema Limited and Others v The Australian Theatrical and Amusement Employees' Association (1925) 35 CLR 528 Byrne v Rail Corporation of NSW [2012] NSWIRComm 117 Cahill v Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (No 2) (2008) 170 FCR 357; [2008] FCA 1292 Caltex Petroleum Pty Ltd v Harmer (1999) 92 IR 264 Campbelltown City Council v Vegan (2006) 67 NSWLR 372 Canberra Cleaners Pty Ltd v Commissioner of ACT Revenue (2008) 336 FLR 1; [2018] ACTSC 208 Carlson v King (1947) 64 WN (NSW) 65 Cepus v Industrial Court of New South Wales and Anor (1995) 60 IR 113 CGEA Transport Ltd t/a Southtrans v Transport Workers Union of Australia (2001) 110 IR 211; [2001] NSWIRComm 287 City of Botany Bay v Federated Municipal and Shire Council Employees' Union of Australia, New South Wales Division [2000] NSWIRComm 85 City of Sydney Wages/Salary Award 2014 (2014) 247 IR 386; [2014] NSWIRComm 49 Coles Supermarket (Australia) Pty Ltd v National Union of Workers (NSW Branch) [1997] NSWIRComm 24 Collins v Urban [2014] NSWCATAP 17 Commins v Massam (1642) 82 ER 473 Commonwealth Steamship Owners' Association v Federated Seamen's Union of A/asia (1923) 33 CLR 297 Commonwealth v Director, Fair Work Building Industry Inspectorate (2015) 258 CLR 482; [2015] HCA 46 Communications, Electrical, Electronic, Energy, Information, Postal, Plumbing and Allied Services Union of Australia v Registered Organisations Commissioner (2020) 283 FCR 404; [2020] FCAFC 232 Construction, Forestry, Maritime, Mining and Energy Union v Australian Building and Construction Commissioner (the Non-Indemnification Personal Payment Case) (2018) 264 FCR 155; [2018] FCAFC 97 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (NSW) v Newcrest Mining Ltd (2005) 139 IR 50; [2005] NSWIRComm 23 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union v Australian Industrial Relations Commission (1998) 89 FCR 200 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union v BHP Coal Pty Ltd (2015) 230 FCR 298; [2015] FCAFC 25 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union v Cahill (2010) 194 IR 461; [2010] FCAFC 39 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union v Clarke (2006) 149 IR 224; [2006] FCA 245 Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union v Williams (2009) 191 IR 445; [2009] FCAFC 171 Craig v South Australia (1995) 184 CLR 163 Crown Employees (Police Officers – 2009) Award (No 2) (2012) 220 IR 192; [2012] NSWIRComm 104 Dare v Pulham (1982) 148 CLR 658 Davis v Amalgamated Television Services Pty Ltd (1998) 81 IR 364 Day v SAS Trustee Corporation [2021] NSWCA 71 Decottignies v NSW Department of Education and Training [2010] NSWIRComm 1014 Dignan v Australian Steamships Pty Ltd (1931) 45 CLR 188 Director General, NSW Department of Education and Training v NSW Teachers Federation [2010] NSWIRComm 44 Director General, NSW Department of Health and New South Wales Nurses Association (No 3) [2010] NSWIRComm 190 Director General, NSW Department of Health v New South Wales Nurses Association (No 2) [2010] NSWIRComm 163 Director of Public Prosecutions (Cth) v De La Rosa (2010) 79 NSWLR 1; [2010] NSWCCA 194 Director, Fair Work Building Industry Inspectorate v Robinson (2016) 241 FCR 338; [2016] FCA 525 Director-General of the New South Wales Department of Education and Communities v New South Wales Teachers Federation [2012] NSWIRComm 93 Director-General of the NSW Department of Education and Communities and Managing Director of TAFE NSW v New South Wales Teachers Federation [2012] NSWIRComm 58 Director-General, NSW Department of Education and Training v NSW Teachers Federation [2010] NSWIRComm 44 DNA17 v Minister for Immigration and Border Protection [2019] FCAFC 146 Dranichnikov v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (2003) 73 ALD 321; [2003] HCA 26 Dyldam Developments Pty Ltd v The Owners – Strata Plan No 85305 [2019] NSWCATAP 229 East Melbourne Group Inc v Minister for Planning (2008) 23 VR 605; [2008] VSCA 217 Edwards v Justice Giudice (1999) 94 FCR 561 Electrical Trades Union of Australia v. BlueScope Steel (AIS) Pty Limited [2005] NSWIRComm 1065 Electricity Commission v Crump (1993) 48 IR 296 Entertainment Distributors Co Pty Ltd v Burnard (1993) 49 IR 446 Fair Work Ombudsman v Maritime Union of Australia [2017] FCA 1363 Fakhouri v Secretary for the NSW Ministry of Health [2022] NSWSC 233 Federal Airports Corporation v Aerolineas Argentinas (1997) 76 FCR 582 Federated Ironmakers Association v Commonwealth (1951) 84 CLR 265 Federated Miscellaneous Workers Union of Australia, WA Branch v Nappy Happy Hire Pty Ltd t/as Nappy Happy Service (1994) 56 IR 62 Federation Insurance Ltd v Wasson (1987) 163 CLR 303 Fire & Rescue NSW on behalf of the Department of Premier and Cabinet v Fire Brigade Employees' Union of New South Wales (2013) 235 IR 261; [2013] NSWIRComm 63 Fire and Rescue NSW on behalf of Department of Premier and Cabinet v New South Wales Fire Brigade Employees' Union [2012] NSWIRComm 76 Fire Brigade Employees' Union of New South Wales v Fire and Rescue NSW [2014] NSWIRComm 16 Flannery v Halifax Estate Agencies Limited [2000] 1 WLR 377; [1999] EWCA Civ 811 Forster v Jododex (1972) 127 CLR 421 Franklins Ltd v National Union of Workers (NSW Branch) (1997) 78 IR 289 Frugtniet v Attorney-General (NSW) (1997) 41 NSWLR 588 Garcia v National Australia Bank Ltd (1998) 194 CLR 395; [1998] HCA 48 General Pants (Trading) Co Pty Ltd v Shonny (unreported, Full Commission of New South Wales, IRC 3123 of 1993, 8 September 1994) Gett v Tabet (2009) 254 ALR 504; [2009] NSWCA 76 Hands v Minister for Immigration and Border Protection (2018) 267 FCR 628; [2018] FCAFC 225 Harris v Ansett Transport Industries (Operations) Pty Ltd (1978) 45 FLR 469 Health Secretary v New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association [2022] NSWIRComm 1047 Health Secretary v New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association [2022] NSWIRComm 1071 Health Services Union NSW v Health Secretary [2017] NSWSC 1661 Hill v Director-General, Department of Education & Training (NSW) (1998) 85 IR 201 Hill v King (1993) 31 NSWLR 654 Hinton Demolitions Pty Ltd v Lower (No 2) (1971) 1 SASR 512 Hollingsworth v Commissioner of Police (1998) 47 NSWLR 104 Holmes a Court v Papaconstuntinos [2011] Aust Torts Reports 82-081; [2011] NSWCA 59 Hossain v Minister for Immigration and Border Protection (2018) 264 CLR 123; [2018] HCA 34 Humphries v Cootamundra Ex Services and Citizens Memorial Club Ltd (2003) 128 IR 37; [2003] NSWIRComm 211 Hussmann Australia Pty Ltd v Walker (1993) 31 NSWLR 189 In the matter of Ming Tian Real Property Pty Ltd (2020) 145 ACSR 329; [2020] NSWSC 212 Industrial Relations Secretary v Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales [2022] NSWIRComm 1042 Industrial Relations Secretary v Public Service Association and Professional Officers Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales (2017) 93 NSWLR 723; [2017] NSWSC 71 Industrial Relations Secretary v Public Service Association and Professional Officers Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales (2021) 303 IR 322; [2021] NSWSC 160 Industrial Relations Secretary v Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales (No 2) [2017] NSWSC 430 Inghams Enterprises v Iogha [2006] NSWSC 456 Insurance Australia Ltd (t/as NRMA Insurance) v Milton (2016) 77 MVR 78; 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[2013] HCA 53 Police Association of New South Wales v Commissioner of Police [2019] NSWIRComm 1076 Police v Stacy (2016) 125 SASR 50; [2016] SASC 54 Proctor v Jetway Aviation Pty Ltd [1984] 1 NSWLR 166 Project Blue Sky Inc v Australian Broadcasting Authority (1998) 194 CLR 355 PT Bayan Resources TBK v BCBC Singapore Pte Ltd (2015) 258 CLR 1; [2015] HCA 36 Public Employment Office v The NSW Fire Brigade Employees Union [1999] NSWIRComm 556 Public Service Association and Professional Officers Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales v Roads and Maritime Services (2015) 250 IR 412; [2015] NSWIRComm 16 Public Service Association and Professional Officers Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales on behalf of Pearcey, Barnett and Woelfl v Department of Attorney General and Justice - Corrective Services NSW [2012] NSWIRComm 33 Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated Union (NSW) v Secretary of the Treasury (2014) 242 IR 318; [2014] NSWCA 112 Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated Union (NSW) (on behalf of Rosanna Ganino) v Roads and Maritime Services [2013] NSWIRComm 106 Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated Union of New South Wales v Industrial Relations Secretary of New South Wales (2021) 306 IR 89; 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[2001] FCA 1397 Soliman v University of Technology Sydney (2012) 207 FCR 277; [2012] FCAFC 146 Solution 6 Holdings Ltd v Industrial Relations Commission (NSW) (2004) 60 NSWLR 558; [2004] NSWCA 200 Soulemezis v Dudley (Holdings) Pty Limited (1987) 10 NSWLR 247 Sparks v Hobson; Gray v Hobson (2018) 361 ALR 115; [2018] NSWCA 29 Stanley v Director of Public Prosecutions (NSW) [2021] NSWCA 337 State Super SAS Trustee Corporation v Cornes [2013] NSWCA 257 State Wage Case 1983 (1983) 5 IR 1 State Wage Case 1999 (1999) 88 IR 363 State Wage Case 2022 [2022] NSWIRComm 1081 Stegbar Pty Ltd v Transport Workers' Union of New South Wales (2008) 173 IR 350; [2008] NSWIRComm 104 Stemp v Australian Glass Manufacturers Co Ltd (1917) 23 CLR 226 Strathfield Group Ltd v Hall (2002) 121 IR 158; [2002] NSWIRComm 373 Sun Alliance Insurance Ltd v Massoud [1989] VR 8 Sutton v BE Australia WD Pty Ltd (No 3) [2017] NSWSC 689 Sydney Water Corporation v Australian Services Union (NSW and ACT Branch) (2005) 146 IR 388; [2005] NSWIRComm 305 Taudevin v Egis Consulting Australia Pty Ltd (No 1) (2001) 131 IR 124; [2001] NSWIRComm 340 Taylor v Environment Protection Authority (2000) 50 NSWLR 48 TD Preece & Co Pty Ltd v Industrial Court (NSW) (2008) 177 IR 172; [2008] NSWCA 285 Terry v Huntington (1679) 145 ER 557 The Director-General, NSW Department of Health, in respect of the Hunter New England Area Health Service and Australian Medical Association (NSW) Limited (2008) 182 IR 353; [2008] NSWIRComm 112 The Public Service Association and Professional Officers' Association Amalgamated (NSW) v Director of Public Employment (2012) 250 CLR 343; [2012] HCA 58 The Waterside Workers' Federation of Australia v Burgess Brothers Ltd (1916) 21 CLR 129 Tickner v Chapman (1995) 57 FCR 451 TKWY v The Queen (2002) 212 CLR 124; [2002] HCA 46 Tonab Investments Pty Ltd v Optima Developments Pty Ltd (2015) 90 NSWLR 268; [2015] NSWCA 287 Totalisator Agency Board of New South Wales v Casey (1994) 54 IR 354 Transport for NSW v Chapoterera [2022] NSWSC 976 Transport Industry – General Carriers Contract Determination (2016) 257 IR 294; [2016] NSWIRComm 3 Transport Secretary v The Australian Workers' Union, New South Wales [2022] NSWIRComm 1053 Transport Workers Union of NSW v Australian Industrial Relations Commission (2008) 166 FCR 108; [2008] FCAFC 26 Transport Workers' Union of New South Wales v TNT Australia Pty Ltd (2006) 154 IR 256 Twohill v Mental As Anything Touring Pty Ltd & Ors [2008] NSWIRComm 17 Van Huisstede v Commissioner of Police (2000) 98 IR 57; [2000] NSWIRComm 97 Veen v The Queen (No 2) (1988) 164 CLR 465 viagogo AG v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2022] FCAFC 87 Waddell v Australian Workers' Union (1922) 30 CLR 570 WAEE v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (2003) 236 FCR 593 Walker v Industrial Court of New South Wales (1994) 53 IR 121 Walsh v Sainsbury (1926) 36 CLR 464 Wattie v Industrial Relations Secretary on behalf of the Secretary of the Department of Justice (No 2) [2018] NSWCA 124 Webb v Goulburn Masonic Village (2004) 136 IR 309; [2004] NSWIRComm 258 Western Suburbs District Ambulance Committee v Tipping [1957] AR (NSW) 273 Wheatley v Federated Ironworkers Association (1959) 60 SR (NSW) 161 at 180; (1959) 76 WN (NSW) 727 Widgee Shire Council v Bonney (1907) 4 CLR 977 Williams v Hursey (1959) 103 CLR 30 Wingecarribee Shire Council v Uri Turgeman trading as Uri T Design [2018] NSWLEC 146 Wingfoot Australia Partners Pty Ltd v Kocak (2013) 252 CLR 480; [2013] HCA 43 Witthahn v Chief Executive of Hospital and Health Services (2021) 312 IR 314; [2021] QCA 282 Wood v Boral Resources (NSW) Pty Ltd (unreported, Supreme Court of New South Wales, No 4980 of 1992, 28 October 1993) Xian v Rail Corporation New South Wales [2009] NSWIRComm 1083 Xuereb v Viola (1989) 18 NSWLR 453 XX v Attorney General of New South Wales [2011] NSWSC 658 Zweck v Town of Gawler (2015) 124 SASR 319; [2015] SASCFC 172 Texts Cited: Amnon Rubinstein, Jurisdiction and Illegality (Clarendon Press, 1965) Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (opened for signature 28 July 1951, 189 UNTS 150, entered into force 22 April 1954), art 1A Edward I Sykes, 'The Hursey Case: Part 1; The Trade Union Aspect' (1960) 33 Australian Law Journal at page 432 Enid Campbell, 'Collateral Challenge of the Validity of Governmental Action' (1998) 24 Monash University Law Review 272 Harold Weintraub, "English Origins of Judicial Review by Prerogative Writ: Certiorari and Mandamus" (1963) 9 New York Law Forum 478 HB Higgins, A New Province for Law and Order (Constable, 1922) Industrial Relations Commission, "Contact Us" <https://www.irc.nsw.gov.au/irc/about-us/contact-us.html> (accessed 4 August 2022) Justice Margaret J Beazley (as Her Excellency then was), Paul T Vout and Sally E Fitzgerald, Appeals and Appellate Courts in Australia and New Zealand (LexisNexis Butterworths, 2014) Justice Mark Leeming, Authority to Decide: The Law of Jurisdiction in Australia (Federation Press, 2nd ed, 2020) Mark Aronson, 'Criteria for Restricting Collateral Challenge' (1998) 9 Public Law Review 237 Mark Aronson, Matthew Groves and Greg Weeks, Judicial Review of Administrative Action and Government Liability (Lawbook, 6th ed, 2017) Michael Gillooly and Nii Lante Wallace-Bruce, "Civil Penalties in Australian Legislation" (1994) 13(2) University of Tasmania Law Review 269 New South Wales, Parliamentary Debates, Legislative Council, on 17 April 1996, 21 September 2016 and 11 October 2016 Public Health System Nurses' and Midwives' (State) Award 2021 (NSW), cl 53 Shorter Oxford English Dictionary Supreme Court Practice Note SC CL 3 William Paley, The Law and Practice of Summary Convictions on Penal Statutes by Justices of the Peace (S. Sweet, 2nd ed, 1827) William Wade, Administrative Law (Oxford University Press, 5th ed, 1982) Category: Principal judgment Parties: Secretary of the Ministry of Health (Prosecutor) The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association (Defendant) Representation: Counsel: V Bulut (Prosecutor) P Boncardo (Defendant)