DAO v R [2011] NSWCCA 63

Court of Criminal Appeal Supreme Court New South Wales Medium Neutral Citation: DAO v R [2011] NSWCCA 63 Hearing dates: 9 November 2010 Decision date: 01 April 2011 Before: Spigelman CJ at 1; Allsop P at 71; Simpson J at 108; Kirby J at 211; Schmidt J at 212 Decision: 1. Leave to appeal granted. 2. Appeal dismissed. Catchwords: CRIMINAL LAW - appeal - interlocutory orders - s 5F(3) Criminal Appeal Act 1912 - order for joint trial - sole issue determinative of appeal concerns admissibility of tendency evidence - whether leave ought to be granted - approach to judicial review of decisions on admissibility of evidence under s 97 Evidence Act - leave granted - appeal dismissed CRIMINAL LAW - appeal - jurisdiction of the Court - ruling on admissibility of evidence not "interlocutory judgment or order" within s 5F - order for joint trial - jurisdiction established CRIMINAL LAW - appeal - interlocutory orders - standard of appellate review of decisions on admissibility of evidence under s 97 Evidence Act - conflict of authority - whether reviewable under principles in House v The King [1936] HCA 40; 55 CLR 499 or Warren v Coombes [1979] HCA 9; 142 CLR 531 - characterisation of decision - practical considerations CRIMINAL LAW - appeal - whether test applicable for review under s 5F different from test on appeal following conviction - whether a decision under s 5F precludes further consideration under s 5(1) and s 6(1) Criminal Appeal Act EVIDENCE - tendency - s 97 and s 101 Evidence Act - whether a decision under s 101 is a "separate decision" - whether evidence of more serious conduct can support allegations of less serious conduct and vice versa - no misapplication of principle EVIDENCE - tendency - sexual offences - pattern of behaviour - sexual interest - vulnerability of particular complainants - "grooming" for sexual exploitation - whether probative value "significant" - no unfair prejudice WORDS AND PHRASES - "judgment" - "discretion" Legislation Cited: Criminal Appeal Act 1912 Criminal Procedure Act 1986 Evidence Act 1995 Cases Cited: Adam P Brown Male Fashions Pty Ltd v Philip Morris Inc [1981] HCA 7; 148 CLR 170 AK v Western Australia [2008] HCA 8; (2008) 232 CLR 438 Alexandroaia v R (1995) 81 A Crim R 286 Anthony Hordern & Sons Ltd v The Amalgamated Clothing and Allied Trades Union of Australia (1932) 47 CLR 1 Antonovicv Volker (1986) 7 NSWLR 151 AW v R [2009] NSWCCA 1 Beneficial Finance Corporation Ltd v Karavas (1991) 23 NSWLR 256 Bosch v Perpetual Trustee Co Ltd [1938] AC 463 British Fame (Owners) v Macgregor (Owners) [1943] AC 197 Buck v Bavone (1976) 135 CLR 110 Can v R [2007] NSWCCA 176 Cesan v The Queen [2008] HCA 52; (2008) 236 CLR 358 Cheikho v R [2008] NSWCCA 191; 75 NSWLR 323 Chow v Director of Public Prosecutions (1992) 28 NSWLR 593 Coal and Allied Operations Pty Ltd v Australian Industrial Relations Commission [2000] HCA 47; (2000) 203 CLR 194 CSR Ltd v Della Maddalena [2006] HCA 1; (2006) 80 ALJR 458 Dinsdale v The Queen [2000] HCA 54; (2000) 202 CLR 321 Director of Public Prosecutions v El Mawas [2006] NSWCA 154; (2006) 66 NSWLR 93 Director of Public Prosecutions v MD [2010] VSCA 233 Dwyer v Calco Timbers Pty Ltd [2008] HCA 13; 234 CLR 124 EK v R [2009] NSWCCA 4; 75 NSWLR 302 Fleming v The Queen [1998] HCA 68; (1998) 197 CLR 250 Fox v Percy [2003] HCA 22; 214 CLR 118 Gardiner v R [2006] NSWCCA 190; 162 A Crim R 233 Gassy v The Queen [2008] HCA 18; (2008) 236 CLR 293 Gedeon v R [2009] NSWCCA 278 Golosky v Golosky (NSWCA, 5 October 1993, unreported) Goodman v Windeyer [1980] HCA 31; 144 CLR 490 Guldur v R (1986) 8 NSWLR 12 House v The King [1936] HCA 40; 55 CLR 499 Hunter v Hunter (1987) 8 NSWLR 573 Ibrahim v Pham [2007] NSWCA 215 In re the Will of Gilbert (dec) (1946) 46 SR (NSW) 318 Jacara Pty Ltd v Perpetual Trustees WA Ltd [2000] FCA 1886; 106 FCR 51 JLS v R [2010] VSCA 209 Kitano Maru (Owners) v Otranto (Owners) [1931] AC 194 Kocer v R [2006] NSWCCA 328 L v Tasmania [2006] TASSC 59; 15 Tas R 381 MA v R [2011] VSCA 13 Minister for Immigration v Eshetu [1999] HCA 21; 197 CLR 611 Norbis v Norbis [1986] HCA 17; 161 CLR 513 Norvenska v Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions [2007] NSWCCA 158 NSW Crime Commission v Vu [2009] NSWCA 349 Perpetual Trustee Co Ltd v Khoshaba [2006] NSWCA 41 Pfennig v The Queen [1995] HCA 7; 182 CLR 461 PNJ v Director of Public Prosecutions [2010] VSCA 88 Podrebersek v Australian Iron & Steel Pty Ltd [1985] HCA 34; 59 ALR 529 R v Annakin (1989) 17 NSWLR 202 R v Arvidson [2008] NSWCCA 135; (2008) 185 A Crim R 428 R v Batiste (1994) 35 NSWLR 437 R v Blick [2000] NSWCCA 61; 111 A Crim R 326 R v Bozatsis (1997) 97 A Crim R 296 R v BWM (1997) 91 A Crim R 260 R v Chami [2002] NSWCCA 136; (2002) 128 A Crim R 428 R v Cittadini [2008] NSWCCA 256; 189 A Crim R 492 R v Cook [2004] NSWCCA 52 R v Douglas [2000] NSWCCA 275 R v Edelsten (1989) 18 NSWLR 213 R v El-Hayek [2004] NSWCCA 25; (2004) 144 A Crim R 90 R v Ellis [2003] NSWCCA 319; 58 NSWLR 700 R v F [2002] NSWCCA 125; 129 A Crim R 126 R v Fletcher [2005] NSWCCA 338; 156 A Crim R 308 R v Ford [2009] NSWCCA 306; 273 ALR 286 R v GAC [2007] NSWCCA 315; 178 A Crim R 408 R v Georgiou [1999] NSWCCA 125 R v GK [2001] NSWCCA 413; (2001) 53 NSWLR 317 R v Glossop [2001] NSWCCA 165 R v Gordon [2004] NSWCCA 45 R v Groves (NSWCCA, 2 April 1990, unreported) R v Harker [2004] NSWCCA 427 R v Lavender [2002] NSWCCA 511; 37 MVR 491 R v Lock (1997) 91 A Crim R 356 R v Lockyer (1996) 89 A Crim 457 R v Marchione [2002] NSWCCA 131; 128 A Crim R 574 R v Marshall [2000] NSWCCA 210; (2000) 113 A Crim R 190 R v Matovski (1989) 15 NSWLR 720 R v Merritt and Roso (1985) 19 A Crim R 360 R v Milton [2004] NSWCCA 195 R v Nassif [2004] NSWCCA 433 R v O'Keefe [2009] NSWCCA 121 R v PJG [2005] NSWCCA 306 R v Powch (1988) 14 NSWLR 136 R v PWD [2010] NSWCCA 209 R v Rima [2003] NSWCCA 405; (2003) 145 A Crim R 27 R v Shamouil [2006] NSWCCA 112; 66 NSWLR 228 R v Sood [2007] NSWCCA 214 R v SRJC [2007] NSWCCA 142 R v Steffan (1993) 30 NSWLR 633 R v Wallis; Ex parte Employers Association of Wool Selling Brokers (1949) 78 CLR 529 R v Wright (1990) 90 Cr App R 325 R v Zhang [2005] NSWCCA 437; 158 A Crim R 504 Re DF Lyons Pty Ltd v Commonwealth Bank of Australia [1991] FCA 74; 28 FCR 597 Re Will of F B Gilbert (deceased) (1946) 46 SR (NSW) 318 Rex v Gibbins and Proctor (1918) 13 Cr App R 134 Rex v Grondkowski [1946] 1 KB 369 Rogers v R [1994] HCA 42; (1994) 181 CLR 251; (1994) 123 ALR 417; (1994) 68 ALJR 688; (1994) 74 A Crim R 462 Rogerson v R (1990) 45 A Crim R 253 Roy Morgan Research Centre Pty Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue [2001] HCA 49; (2001) 207 CLR 72 Russo v Aiello [2003] HCA 53; (2003) 215 CLR 643 Samadi and Djait v R [2008] NSWCCA 330; (2008) 192 A Crim R 251 Saunders v R (1994) 72 A Crim R 347 Shrimpton v The Commonwealth [1945] HCA 4; 69 CLR 613 Singer v Berghouse [1994] HCA 40; 181 CLR 201 Smale v R [2007] NSWCCA 328 Steffan v R (1993) 30 NSWLR 633 THD v R [2010] VSCA 115; (2010) 200 A Crim R 106 The 'Karamea' [1921] P 76 The 'Peter Benoit' (1915) 84 LJ (P) 87 Townsend v Townsend [2001] NSWCA 136 Verma v R (1987) 30 A Crim R 441 Vickers v R [2006] NSWCCA 60; [2006] 160 A Crim R 195 Vines v Australian Securities and Investments Commission [2007] NSWCA 126; (2007) 63 ACSR 505 Warren v Coombes [1979] HCA 9; 142 CLR 531 Weiss v The Queen [2005] HCA 81; (2005) 224 CLR 300 White v Barron [1980] HCA 14; 144 CLR 431 Zaknic Pty Ltd v Svelte Corporation Pty Ltd [1995] FCA 1739; 61 FCR 171 Zhang v The Queen [2006] HCATrans 423 Texts Cited: F Bennion "Distinguishing Judgment and Discretion" [2000] Public Law 368 F Bennion "Judgment and Discretion Revisited: Pedantry or Substance" [2005] Public Law 707 F C Hutley "Appeals within the Judicial Hierarchy and the Effect of Judicial Doctrine on Such Appeals in Australia and England" (1976) 7 Sydney Law Review 317 R Pattenden "The Judge, Discretion, and the Criminal Trial" (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1982) Category: Principal judgment Parties: DAO (Applicant) Regina (Respondent) Representation: D Dalton SC/S Torpey (Applicant) D Arnott SC/S Herbert (Respondent) Mark Diggins Solicitor (Applicant) S Kavanagh (Solicitor for Public Prosecutions) (Respondent) File Number(s): 2009/60628 Publication restriction: Non publication of any information or material that may lead to the identification of the complainants (s 15A Children (Criminal Proceedings) Act 1987) Decision under appeal Jurisdiction: 9101 Date of Decision: 2010-11-04 00:00:00 Before: Bozic DCJ File Number(s): 2009/60628