Gaynor v Attorney General of New South Wales [2020] NSWCA 48

Court of Appeal Supreme Court New South Wales Medium Neutral Citation: Gaynor v Attorney General of New South Wales [2020] NSWCA 48 Hearing dates: 24 February 2020 Date of orders: 26 March 2020 Decision date: 26 March 2020 Before: Bell P at [1]; Basten JA at [86]; Leeming JA at [124] Decision: Leave to appeal refused Catchwords: APPEAL – Leave to appeal – whether matter at issue amounting to or of the value or involving $100,000 or more – need for party seeking to appeal to demonstrate that jurisdictional threshold satisfied

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW – whether Part 3A of Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013 (NSW) unconstitutional – whether, notwithstanding Part 3A, NCAT invested with federal jurisdiction – whether Part 3A entails discrimination contrary to s 117 of the Commonwealth Constitution

COURTS AND TRIBUNALS – whether Local Court of New South Wales has jurisdiction to entertain a diversity suit involving publication on the internet of matters alleged to contravene s 49ZS of the Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 (NSW)

DISCRIMINATION LAW – whether complaint by a resident of New South Wales against a resident of Queensland referred by President of Anti-Discrimination Board to NCAT could be heard by Local Court of New South Wales Legislation Cited: Anti-Discrimination (Amendment) Act 1981 (NSW) Sch 2 Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 (NSW) ss 49ZT, 93C, 105, 108(1), 108(2) Anti-Discrimination Act 1991 (Qld) Anti-Discrimination Act and the Postal Services Act 1975 (Cth) Civil and Administrative Tribunal Act 2013 (NSW) ss 4(1), 28, 29, 32, 34B, 34C(3), 34C(4), 36, 38, sch 3 cl 10, Pt 3A Commonwealth Constitution ss 75, 76, 77, 80, 109, 117, Ch III Defence Housing Authority Act 1987 (Cth) Equal Opportunity Act 2010 (Vic) s 25 Federal Courts (State Jurisdiction) Act 1999 Guardianship and Administration Act 1990 (WA) Interpretation Act 1987 (NSW) ss 31, 33 Judiciary Act 1903 (Cth) ss 38, 39, 64, 78B, 79 Justice Legislation Amendment Act (No 2) 2017 (NSW) Justice Legislation Amendment Act (No 3) 2018 (NSW) Sch 1, cl 1.6, Pt 1.6 Justice Legislation Amendment Bill (No 2) 2017 (NSW) Life Insurance Act 1945 (Cth) Local Court Act 2007 (NSW) s 34 Misuse of Drugs Act 1981 (WA) Motor Accidents Compensation Act 1999 (NSW) Ch 4 Postal Services Act 1975 (Cth) Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) Residential Tenancies Act 1987 (NSW) Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) Supreme Court Act 1970 (NSW) s 101(2)(r) Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) ss 52, 86(2) Cases Cited: Attorney General (NSW) v Gatsby [2018] NSWCA 254; (2018) 361 ALR 570 Attorney-General (Vic) v Commonwealth (the Pharmaceutical Benefits case) (1945) 71 CLR 237; [1945] HCA 30 Australasian Temperance and General Mutual Life Assurance Society Ltd v Howe (1922) 31 CLR 290; [1922] HCA 50 Australian Mutual Providence Society v Goulden (1986) 160 CLR 330; [1986] HCA 24 Australian Postal Commission v Dao (1985) 3 NSWLR 565 Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Edensor Nominees Pty Ltd (2001) 204 CLR 559; [2001] HCA 1 Baker v The Queen (2004) 223 CLR 513; [2004] HCA 45 BE Australia WD Pty Ltd (subject to a Deed of Company Arrangement) v Sutton (2011) 82 NSWLR 336; [2011] NSWCA 414 Berry v Nicholls [2016] NSWCA 272 Brandy v Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (1995) 183 CLR 245; [1995] HCA 10 Breen v Clough [2018] NSWCA 172 Built Interiors Pty Ltd v Three Dinosaurs Pty Ltd [2003] NSWCA 290 Burns v Corbett (2017) 96 NSWLR 247; [2017] NSWCA 3 Burns v Corbett (2018) 265 CLR 304; [2018] HCA 15 Carolan v AMF Bowling Pty Ltd t/as Bennetts Green Bowl [1995] NSWCA 69 CGU Insurance Limited v Blakeley (2016) 259 CLR 339; [2016] HCA 2 Chu Kheng Lim v Minister for Immigration, Local Government & Ethnic Affairs (1992) 176 CLR 1; [1992] HCA 64 Collier v Sunol [2005] NSWADT 261 Coshott v Spencer [2017] NSWCA 118 Dao v Australian Postal Commission (1987) 162 CLR 317; [1987] HCA 13 Dow Jones & Co Inc v Gutnick (2002) 210 CLR 575; [2002] HCA 56 Federal Commissioner of Taxation v Munro (1926) 38 CLR 153; [1926] HCA 58 Federated Engine-Drivers and Firemen's Association of Australasia v Broken Hill Proprietary Co Ltd (1911) 12 CLR 398; [1911] HCA 31 Gaynor v Local Court of New South Wales [2019] NSWSC 805 Gillard v Hunter Wire Products Pty Ltd t/as Hunter Screen Products (No 2) [2001] NSWCA 450 Goryl v Greyhound Australia Pty Ltd (1994) 179 CLR 463; [1994] HCA 18 Gould v Brown (1998) 193 CLR 346; [1998] HCA 6 GS v MS (2019) 344 FLR 386; [2019] WASC 255 Gurr v Robinson (NSWCA, 10 February 1986, unrep) Haines v Leves (1987) 8 NSWLR 442 Jabulani Pty Ltd v Walkabout II Pty Ltd [2016] NSWCA 267 Jardin v Metcash Ltd (2011) 214 IR 448; [2011] NSWCA 409 Jensen v Ray [2011] NSWCA 247 Jones v Toben [2002] FCA 1150 Joo v Yoo [2016] NSWCA 172 Kirk v Industrial Relations Commission of NSW (2010) 239 CLR 531; [2010] HCA 1 Knight v Victoria (2017) 261 CLR 306; [2017] HCA 29 Lan v Kaymet Corporation Pty Ltd [2017] NSWCA 52 LNC Industries Ltd v BMW (Australia) Ltd (1983) 151 CLR 575; [1983] HCA 31 Maynes v Casey [2011] NSWCA 156 Meringnage v Interstate Enterprises Pty Limited [2020] VSCA 30 New South Wales v Kable (2013) 252 CLR 118; [2013] HCA 26 NSW Arabian Horse Association Inc v Olympic Co-ordination Authority [2005] NSWCA 210 Old UGC Inc v Industrial Relations Commission of New South Wales (2006) 225 CLR 274; [2006] HCA 24 PPK Willoughby Pty Ltd v Baird [2019] NSWCA 48 R v Kirby; Ex parte Boilermakers' Society of Australia (1956) 94 CLR 254; [1956] HCA 10 Re Adams and Tax Agents' Board (1976) 7 ATR 87; (1976) 12 ALR 239 Re Macks; Ex parte Saint (2000) 204 CLR 158; [2000] HCA 62 Re Nash (No 2) (2017) 263 CLR 443; [2017] HCA 52 Re NSW Corporal Punishment In Schools Case (1986) EOC 92-160 Re Refugee Review Tribunal; Ex parte Aala (2000) 204 CLR 82; [2000] HCA 57 Re Residential Tenancies Tribunal of New South Wales v Henderson; Ex parte Defence Housing Authority (1997) 190 CLR 410; [1997] HCA 36 Re Wakim; Ex parte McNally (1999) 198 CLR 511; [1999] HCA 27 Rizeq v State of Western Australia (2017) 262 CLR 1; [2017] HCA 23 Shell Co of Australia Ltd v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1930) 44 CLR 530 Street v Queensland Bar Association (1989) 168 CLR 461; [1989] HCA 53 Sunol v Collier (2012) 81 NSWLR 619; [2012] NSWCA 14 Sunol v Collier (No 2) (2012) 260 FLR 414; [2012] NSWCA 44 The Real Estate Institute of NSW v Blair (1946) 73 CLR 213; [1946] HCA 43 Toyota Finance Australia Limited v Gardiner [2016] NSWCA 162 Trust Company of Australia Ltd v Skywing Pty Ltd (2006) 66 NSWLR 77; [2006] NSWCA 185 Wentworth v Rogers (2006) 66 NSWLR 474; [2006] NSWCA 145 Texts Cited: G Lindell, Cowen and Zines's, Federal Jurisdiction in Australia (4th ed, 2016, The Federation Press) H Berman, Law and Revolution: The Formation of the Western Legal Tradition (1983, Harvard University Press) M Leeming, Authority to Decide: the Law of Jurisdiction in Australia (2nd ed, 2020, The Federation Press) W Holdsworth, A History of English Law (7th ed, 1956, Methuen & Co Ltd) Category: Principal judgment Parties: Bernard Gaynor (Appellant) Local Court of New South Wales (First Respondent) Civil & Administrative Tribunal of New South Wales (Second Respondent) President, Anti-Discrimination Board of New South Wales (Third Respondent) Garry Burns (Fourth Respondent) Attorney General for New South Wales (Intervenor) Representation: Counsel: P E King and J Loxton (Appellant) S Robertson and D Birch (Attorney General for New South Wales intervening)